2019-2020 Academic Catalog

Apr 24, 2024

2019-2020 Academic Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

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	GEOG 329 - Critical Theory: Space, Society and Change Nearly 75 years ago Max Horkheimer, echoing Marx, defined critical theory as distinguished by its attempt to critique and change society. It is therefore not simply a tool for understanding, but also a method for overcoming injustice, domination and oppression. Over the past 50 years, geographers have found inspiration in this transformative mode of theorizing in research fields as diverse as housing, resource management, race relations and climatology. But in what state do we find critical theory today? For some geographers, critical theory has transformed into a pluralist venture that is symbolized by a politics of disagreement and a modest normativity. However, others fervently disagree with this project, arguing that we now face unprecedented challenges that cannot be dealt with by this brand of modest theory or, paradoxically, those more assertive types of theory which preceded it. Simply, it is thought that previous critical theory is unable to produce change in an era of reflexive cynicism, sophism and post-political politics. The seminar follows these debates by tracing the ways in which geographers have historically engaged with critical theory and evaluating where this engagement stands today. In order to achieve the latter, the seminar will examine a range of contemporary critical social theory, including an exploration of Slavoj Zizek’s claim that we need a new theory of everything(!), Alain Badiou’s interpretation of politics as event and Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe’s arguments about critical theory’s kernel concern. Open to doctoral students only. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	GEOG 330 - Introduction to Species Distribution Modeling An Introduction to species distribution modeling methods and applications. Species distribution models (SDM), are increasingly used to evaluate the impacts of global change on biodiversity, to assess protection status, and for protected areas planning. The course starts with an introduction to ecological niche modeling, and continues with topics of data gathering, pre-processing, modeling (including statistical and machine learning algorithms), and validation. Topics will be covered through a combination of lectures, discussion of assigned readings and hands-on exercises. Prerequisites: IDCE 310 GEOG 190 ID 190 Introduction to GIS Anticipated Terms Offered: annually
	GEOG 332 - Landscape Ecology Considers the relationships between spatial patterns in landscape structure (physical, biological and cultural) and ecological processes. Role of ecosystem pattern in mass and energy transfers, disturbance regimes, species’ persistence, applications of remote sensing and GIS for landscape characterization and modeling are examined. Prerequisites: GEOG 190 OR IDCE 310 . GEOG 116 Forest Ecology is strongly recommended. Open to doctoral and masters students. Prerequisites: GEOG 190 - Introduction to Geographic Information Science OR IDCE 310 - Intro to Geographic Information Systems Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	GEOG 333 - Terrestrial Ecosystems and Global Change Explores ecosystem responses to global environmental changes and how they feedback on the earth system. Students will learn about biophysical controls on energy, water, and carbon cycles, and how biogeography, vegetation physiology, and local to global climates influence surface-atmosphere exchanges, which then feedback on biogeography and climate. The course introduces the theory, remote sensing, and computational modeling of biophysical, biogeochemical, and ecosystem dynamical processes active in shaping the terrestrial biosphere. Students will be exposed to methods of land surface and ecosystem process modeling through computer tutorials with numerical simulation, and will train some basics of writing computer code. Open to doctoral and masters students. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	GEOG 336 - Wildlife Conservation GIS Research Seminar The course will follow a workshop-seminar and laboratory format in collaboration with research staff at Clark Labs and the Wildlife Conservation Society based in New York City. Students will work in small groups (i.e., no larger than three) for the semester on collaborative conservation projects in Rwanda, Guatemala, Cambodia, and other countries. Students will apply GIS and remote sensing skills to achieve explicit conservation goals related to land change assessment, hydrologic modeling, and ecosystem services valuation/modeling. Work will be performed in close collaboration with Wildlife Conservation Society research staff. Project results will be presented by student teams at the end of the semester to Wildlife Conservation Society staff. Open to doctoral and masters students. Anticipated Terms Offered: varied
	GEOG 337 - Feminism, Nature and Culture The purpose of this course is to expose students to major currents of contemporary social theory that have developed around “nature” and “woman” or nature and gender. We will explore a number of important contemporary topics including: biotechnology and “life,” food and identity, the body/science/fashion, human and nonhuman animal relations, and the manner in which conceptualizations of nature and of women (or gender roles) mutually constitute and reinforce one another. Our principal goals are to analyze and critique the normative idea of what is “nature” or what is “natural” as it pertains to gender, environmental processes, other life forms, and human social and economic existence in general. Because feminists have been instrumental in leading much of this analysis and critique, we lean heavily on feminist theories. We will explore these ideas through science fiction, magical realism, cartoons, movies, other fiction, social histories and biographies. By the end of the semester, students should be adept at decoding representations of nature and gender in the popular media as well as in academic scholarship. Students should also have a reasonable understanding of the development of and debates surrounding biotechnology and gender, identity and gender, and ecofeminist thought. Open to doctoral and masters students. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	GEOG 338 - Current Research in Geography This course will expose students to cutting-edge research across the range of geography and cognate disciplines, primarily via close engagement with a series of visiting speakers and their works. It will complement the other required courses for first year doctoral students in the department, Geography 368 (The Development of Western Geographic Thought) and Geography 318 (Explanation in Geography): where they provide historical and conceptual approaches to the development and content of the discipline, Geography 328 will have students engage with specific, grounded, and current examples of geographic research and the ongoing development of the discipline, with particular attention to full coverage of its breadth. The course, run in conjunction with the department’s colloquium series, will include required attendance at each of the lectures by speakers in the series; readings of selected articles or other works by visiting scholars prior to their visits; and class sessions with visiting scholars to discuss the works read, the lecture, and current research in the visitors’ areas of expertise. Students will write papers critically analyzing the talks and papers in terms of both content and presentation, and situating them within both the discipline and interdisciplinary fields of inquiry. The course is required for first-year doctoral students in geography, and open to masters students and senior undergraduate geography majors with permission of the instructor. Anticipated Terms Offered: offered every year fall and spring semesters
	GEOG 340 - Graduate Seminar in Critical Mobilities This course is a graduate reading seminar on the field of mobilities studies. In this seminar we trace genealogies, explore major debates in the field, and examine how various strands of critical theory have shaped the study of mobility. Our readings analyze not only the practice and experiences of mobility, but also the complex networks and infrastructures that engender and prohibit the movement of people, information, capital and material objects. Our course goals are (1) to develop a thorough understanding of how scholars have approached questions of movement and stasis (2) to think about opportunities for geographers to critically intervene upon and expand mobilities studies in the present. This course is open to graduate students only. Anticipated Terms Offered: bi-annually
	GEOG 343 - Human Dimensions of Global Change Global environmental changes involve worldwide transformations of land, oceans and atmosphere, driven by human activities interwoven with natural processes. Its human dimensions involve the complex causes and consequences of people’s individual and collective actions. This advanced seminar investigates the human dimensions of global environmental change, examining its socioeconomic, political and environmental causes and consequences. We will explore urgent, complex social, environmental and management problems, such as changes in tropical forests, grasslands and urbanizing areas; climate change and global food security; emerging infectious diseases; social institutions, collective action and international environmental regimes; spatial methods in global land change research; global land grabs; climate adaption and mitigation; environmental equity and justice, and others. Open to doctoral and masters students. Anticipated Terms Offered: every other fall
	GEOG 345 - Remote Sensing of the Cryosphere The Earth’s cryosphere (frozen planet) plays a critical role in shaping the world in which we live. The great ice sheets of the past shaped the surface of the continents; changes in snow cover and sea ice extent is amplifying global warming; rapid thinning of glaciers and ice sheets is accelerating global sea level rise; and abrupt snow melt is one of the primary causes of catastrophic flooding. Understanding how and why the cryosphere experiences such rapid changes is of ever increasing societal importance. Changes in the cryosphere occur on massive scales and in hostile environments, making them highly suited for analysis using remote sensing. In this class students will learn about the physical characteristics of the cryosphere’s four main components; glaciers, sea ice, snow and permafrost and the role that each component plays in modulating the Earth’s climate system. Students will build upon previous remote sensing knowledge and learn about visible, Lidar, radar and microwave satellite sensors and apply this knowledge to measure changes in cryosphere characteristics (e.g. area, volume, mass, reflectance, melt, and velocity). Students will be required to complete a self-directed and novel group research project that they will present to the class the end of the term. The course will also focus on student skill development with several frequent collaborative projects conducting remote sensing analysis using Matlab. Open to doctoral and masters students. Prerequisites: GEOG 383 Introduction to Remote Sensing or equivalent background; some programming knowledge such as C, Python, R, Matlab, is beneficial but not required Anticipated Terms Offered: Spring
	GEOG 346 - Geospatial Analysis with R Free and open source R is increasingly used for geospatial analyses. R and its ecosystem of supporting software also facilitate the creation, presentation, and reproducibility of analyses. R is therefore very close to being a one-stop shop for the modern GIScientist. This course will provide students with the skills they need to use R as a GIS. There will be additional emphases on programming, presentation, and reproducibility, which will entail learning to develop R libraries, development of presentations and reports using Rmarkdown, and using version control with github. Students will learn and apply R skills by working on a specific research problem. Open to upper level undergraduates and graduate students. Prerequisites: GEOG 190-Introduction to GIS Anticipated Terms Offered: annually
	GEOG 347 - Intermediate Quantitative Methods in Geography Continues development begun in GEOG 110 of computer-based methods in geographical analysis. Focuses on bivariate and multivariate regression, discriminant analysis, factor analysis, log-linear models and analysis of spatial and temporal data. Includes lab work with PCs, spreadsheets and SPSS-X statistical software package. Meets skill requirement for senior undergraduate geography majors and doctoral students and masters students. Prerequisites: GEOG 110 . Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	GEOG 348 - Social Justice and the City Cities today face unprecedented challenges. Migration, rapid urbanization, growing inequality, authoritarian governments, racial tensions, terrorism, climate change, and the list goes on. This course examines the concept of social justice in light of contemporary philosophical debates and explores its various relations to the city and urban development, using a geographical perspective. After engaging various dialogues on social justice, the course turns its attention to the ‘urban question’. It asks what is distinctive about the issue of social justice in an urban context and whether we need a more geographically-informed viewpoint from with to deploy our positions on social justice. In the final section of the course, various urban issues and problems are explored using developed understandings of social justice. Open to doctoral and masters students. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	GEOG 349 - Advanced Topics in Spatial Analysis Explores spatial statistics and spatial decision models. The spatial statistics part of the course focuses on point, block and global estimation, fitting variogram models, kriging and spatial simulation. The prescriptive modeling part will focus on location/allocation-based decisions models including private- and public-sector facility location problems and land-allocation models. The topics covered are closely linked to the underlying spatial analytic methodologies used in, and often illuminated by examples developed with, Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The spatial statistics module in the IDRISI GIS will be used. The class is run on the “Socratic” method with some high-tech twists. Students are assigned a topic per week to prepare material and lead discussion. Pass/fail. Grading is based on class participation. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	GEOG 351 - Seminar in Critical Resource/Food Geographies This course examines major questions in two important areas of critical geography: natural resources and food studies. Each topic will take one-half of the semester. We will first examine questions of nature and culture, and the role of the state and biopolitics, which are of concern for scholars of both topics. We will then turn to political economic theory on commodity chains or value chains, and power relations along those chains. We will address questions such as the “resource curse” and ethical consumption. Questions of sovereignty, territoriality, and investment relations will also be examined, as well as, questions of state and quasi-state governance. The resource component will emphasize water, minerals and oil/gas. Open to doctoral and masters students. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	GEOG 352 - GIS & Land Change Science Students work collaboratively to create new GIS-based methods to measure and to explain land change over time and its environmental consequences. The work is linked to research at Clark University, thus topics vary from year to year. Some products of previous years are vidoes available at www.clarku.edu/~rpontius. Students must take initiative and be creative because the course will address issues for which standard methods of analysis do not yet exist. A goal of the seminar is to create and to communicate the methods for the professional community beyond Clark University. Students will make regular oral presntations in class to report on progress. Students become qualified to make presentations at professional conferences such as the Association of American Geographers annual meeting. A prerequisite is Introduction to GIS or equivalent competency in GIS. This course is designed for doctoral and masters students, but senior undergraduates and other qualified students can enroll with special permission. rpontius@clarku.edu Prerequisites: GEOG 190 or GEOG 390 or permission from Professor Pontius (rpontius@clarku.edu). Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every fall
	GEOG 356 - Utopian Visions, Urban Realities: Planning Cities for the 21st Century Although utopia literally means “no place” and utopias do not exist in any concrete sense, utopian thinking exerts a powerful hold on our imagination and continues to inspire a lot of approaches to urban policy, design and planning today. This course explores this thinking and will attempt to come to grips with various ideas about what utopias should be, how they have animated our thinking about city form and function, and how they have achieved certain material expressions in the twentieth-century urban context. It will also examine the contradictions and unintended consequences of utopian thinking in planning. Amongst other things, the course will grapple with questions of order versus disorder in the city, heterogeneity versus homogeneity, openness versus closure, and individual freedom versus collective necessity. It will draw upon geographical sources as well as a diverse array of other materials. Open to doctoral students only. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	GEOG 357 - Internet Geography: Socioeconomic Impacts of Information Technologies Spring 2018 Course Description: In the span of a few decades, the Internet has become a driver of global change and has connected people and places to an unprecedented degree. However, to what extent does the Internet transform or supersede the structures, configurations, and arrangements that make up our world? How does the Internet interact with, and produce, geographies at various scales? In light of the rapidly changing environment influenced by the information revolution and the Internet itself, the answers to these questions are not universal, or even immediately apparent. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an explanatory framework that places the Internet into a broader historical, social and political-economic context. By adopting a geographical perspective, this course prepares students to challenge abstract notions of the Internet as a placeless informational cloud, by analyzing its grounded causes, consequences, and impacts at various scales. This course will cover a range of topics related to the history, technology, politics, regulation, and practices of the Internet and associated communication technologies. The course is centered on weekly readings and group discussions. Prior Semesters Course Description: Examines how the Internet has changed our society, economy, culture and geography. Explores the myths and the realities of the impacts derived from technological changes. Issues for discussions include an examination of ‘the death of distance’, social polarization and the ‘digital divide’ at the national and international scales, as well as the changing practices and modes of everyday social interactions. Explores how consumption and our conceptualization of leisure is changing as a result of the widespread use of the Internet. Course Designation/Attribute: no Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	GEOG 360 - GIS & Land Change Models GIS & Land Change Models examines computerized models that simulate land change. Such models are important because land change influences socioeconomic development, biodiversity conservation, water resources, energy use, greenhouse gasses, and many other factors. Applications include suburbanization in Massachusetts and deforestation in projects to Reduce Emissions due to Deforestation and Degradation. Students use TerrSet’s Land Change Modeler and Geomod to learn concepts such as calibration, validation, extrapolation, and sensitivity. Prerequisites: Prerequisite is Intro to GIS, listed as GEOG 190 or IDCE 310 . Anticipated Terms Offered: Every fall
	GEOG 361 - Decision Methods for Environmental Management and Policy Information on environmental-impact assessments needs to be systematically organized and analyzed to be useful in the decision-making process. This course provides a survey of methods that are currently used to aid environmental decision makers (who include policy makers, environmental managers and affected populations). Covers techniques such as: decision analysis, benefit/cost analysis, multicriteria evaluation, multiobjective analysis, multiattribute utility theory, the analytical hierarchy process, and spatial-analytical methods using geographical information systems. These methods will be evaluated with respect to their theoretical foundations, systems formulation and appropriate application. A critical evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of these methods will also be discussed. Open to doctoral and masters students. Advanced undergraduates require instuctor permission to register. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year/
	GEOG 362 - Seminar on Globalization Examines contemporary literature on globalization from various disciplinary perspectives. Both theoretical and empirical literature from Economics, Geography, Sociology, Political Science and Anthropology on various aspects of globalization, including governance, interdependence, labor relations and ‘networks’ will be analyzed. Explores the possibilities of developing a geographic paradigm to better understand the relationship between the global and the local. Open to doctoral students only. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	GEOG 363 - The Climate System and Global Environmental Change In order to understand and predict the Earth’s current and future climate, it is imperative to know the forces that can drive both natural and anthropogenic climate change. This course will utilize an Earth Systems approach towards climate science, meaning rather than simply cataloging the Earth’s history of climate change, we will focus on understanding the climate system’s response to both external and internal drivers. We will examine the interactions between atmosphere, ice, ocean, land surface, and vegetation, allowing us to touch on the fields of geology, ecology, paleobotany, glaciology, oceanography, meteorology, biogeochemistry, climate modeling, atmospheric chemistry, and hydrology, among others. The goal of the course is to provide the scientific background that is necessary for understanding global environmental change-related issues as well as providing a basis for addressing the critical social and policy questions that cascade from these issues. Open to doctoral and masters students. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	GEOG 366 - Topics in Urban Geography Topics in Urban Geography engages a substantive theme within urban geography and cognate disciplines, focusing first on theorizations of the theme, then substantive empirical investigations of it. Over the course of the semester, doctoral students will read a range of scholarly texts and will place them in two regards: first, in the broader historical and conceptual sweep of urban geographical scholarship; and second, in critical engagement with the goals, methods, and contributions of the specific work in the subfield. Since the particular topic in a given semester will vary, doctoral students can take the course more than once for credit, as long as the subtitle is different from a previously taken course. Open for doctoral and masters students. Open to doctoral students, others by permission only. In the topics seminar subtitled “Urban Politics,” we will consider fundamental contemporary scholarship and debates around urban politics and urban geography. We will interrogate the intersections of urban geography and political geography, focusing on themes related to: citizenship, place identity, state theory, and urban governance. Our overall goal is to understand the ways that scholars, particularly within or in dialogue with urban geography, conceptualize “politics” and citizen-state-subjectivity relations. Anticipated Terms Offered: Fall - every other year
	GEOG 367 - Governing Development: Institutions, Networks, Space, Place This course investigates the theoretical potential and pitfalls of conceptualizing development as a field of networks of actors and institutions, and it poses the challenge of geography in understanding these networks. More specifically, this course engages with various literatures to analyze how networks can be theorized and visualized in relation to actors such as the state, private entities, civil society and beyond. The first two thirds of the course will involve general readings on preset topics; while the last third of the course will be targeted towards the specific regional and topical interests of the student participants (each week one student will select and discuss readings of their choice). Readings and discussions incorporate the global north as well as the global south. Questions asked include: By what mechanisms do networks and institutions operate? How do networks and institutions vary regionally (what are the structural similarities and differences)? What is the interaction between multilevel forms of governance, networked states and local institutions? What is the interaction among institutions, networks, livelihoods and resources? Open to doctoral students, but masters students may request permission to enroll. Anticipated Terms Offered: Every Year
	GEOG 368 - The Development of Western Geographic Thought Examines principal orientations, themes and debates within emergent professional geography communities in the 19th and 20th centuries and the professional structure of the field in research, educational and applied contexts. Required for, and open only to, first year geography doctoral students. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	GEOG 369 - Relational Political-Economic Geographies Relationality - the notion that the world is constituted and transformed by contingent, dynamic, and embedded relationships between people, places, objects, and structures - has emerged as a key concept in human geography. This course interrogates critically the idea of relationality and assesses its significance and possibilities for contemporary thinking in economic and development geography. Participants will read, critique, discuss, and debate a variety of theories about and sub-disciplinary perspectives on relational thinking - from economic sociology, organizational studies, critical realism, phenomenology, actor-network theory, Marxism, feminism, urban-economic geography, and development studies - and evaluate how these works might inform our understandings of contemporary political-economic issues. For doctoral students only. Anticipated Terms Offered: annually
	GEOG 370 - Development’s Geographies: Debates and Interventions James Ferguson once referred to development as anthropology’s “evil twin,” and geography also has had an at best ambivalent relationship with development. This course first explores the place of international development in the social sciences to then focus on its place within geography and anthropology. We consider how particular authors have engaged the notion of development, and focus our discussion as much on efforts at conceptual reformulation as critique. The course then considers to what extent it is useful to speak of development geography as an intellectual enterprise - again considering usefulness in terms of both theoretical and practical engagement. Through the notion of “geographies of intervention” the course explores the literatures on livelihoods, NGOs and social movement/organizations. For doctoral students only. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	GEOG 373 - Seminar in Urban Geography In this seminar we will consider fundamental geographical aspects of urban theory. Our goal is to undestand the ways that scholars have approached the study of cities, and to compare and contrast the epistemological assumptions underlying different approaches to “the urban.” We will critically evaluate major theoretical perspectives in light of their contribution to contemporary research. Open to doctoral students but masters students may request permission. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	GEOG 375 - Technology and Sustainability: Perspectives from the Global South Examines the nature of technologies and their relationships to socioeconomic and environmental change in the developing world. Readings and discussions will address and critique theories on technology change, the role of technologies in development, and their real-world implications (good and bad) for developing regions. Theoretical literature will be linked to empirical case studies of agricultural, energy, financing, information-communication, and/or manufacturing technologies in Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, and South/Southeast Asia. The key objective of the course is to deepen and complicate students’ understandings of the ways in which technologies are developed, diffused, and absorbed and about how these processes influence communities and economies in the Global South. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	GEOG 377 - Africa’s Development in Global Context Explores, in detail, the economic geographies of Sub-Saharan Africa; both their historical development and their contemporary manifestations in commodity chains, business practices, production systems, gender and environmental relations, entrepreneurial and innovative behavior, and rural and urban livelihood strategies. Emphasis is placed on examining how African economies relate to the rest of the world, how globalization is influencing the prospects for growth, autonomy, and sustainability in Africa, and how Africans actually produce, innovate, succeed, and struggle in their business activities. Confronts stereotypes about “backward” economic practices in Africa and encourages students to view Africans as capable agents of economic change not simply as passive victims of global or historical inequalities. Open to doctoral and masters students. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	GEOG 378 - Emerging Issues in Climate Change Science This seminar examines emerging issues surrounding global climate change and Earth System Science. Climate Change Science is inherently interdisciplinary and processes within this field involve significant interactions between land, atmosphere, ocean, ice, and humans. Specific topics discussed in this seminar include abrupt climate change, biogeochemical cycling, biocomplexity, oscillatory climate phenomena, trace gas exchange, glacier/ice sheet dynamics, sea ice variability, sea level rise, paleoclimate, extreme weather events, and human-induced environmental change. Readings will be focused on the most recent climate literature, including the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessment reports. This seminar not only introduces students to recent, cutting-edge research, but given the sometimes controversial nature of these issues also gives students insight into the process of critically evaluating Climate Change Science studies. Open to doctoral students, but masters students may request permission to enroll. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	GEOG 379 - GIS & Map Comparison GIS & Map Comparison investigates metrics that scientists use and abuse, especially in Geographic Information Science and Remote Sensing. Applications show how to compare two versions of the same phenomenon, such as comparison of an initial time versus a subsequent time, or comparison of predictions versus observations. Students learn how to compute and to interpret useful metrics such as Hits, Misses, False Alarms, Total Operating Characteristic, Mean Deviation, Mean Absolute Deviation among others. The professor wrote the book, literally. The course carries the attribute for Problems of Practice. Prerequisites: Prerequisite is Intro to GIS, listed as GEOG 190 or IDCE 310 . Anticipated Terms Offered: Every fall
	GEOG 380 - Urban Ecology: Cities as Ecosystems Explores ecology and the social and physical geography of cities as systems built and inhabited by people, and constantly changed by social, biological and physical processes. This class of ecosystem is often neglected except in studies of pollution, yet it is home to many of the world’s people and to a surprising number of plant and animal species as well. Readings, lectures, discussion and written work combine landscape and systems ecology with physical and urban geography and environmental justice to broaden our understanding of city environments, both present and possible. In addition to our in-class academic meetings, field trips in Worcester and the surrounding Blackstone River Valley will offer a deep dive into the challenges of regional and historical land use, urban green and blue space management, and socio-hydrology; a $100 fee is charged to students at time of registration to cover administrative and transportation costs. Book costs for the course are minimal. Registration is by Permission only for undergraduates (email: rroychowdhury@clarku.edu). Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	GEOG 382 - Advanced Remote Sensing Application of remote sensor systems in earth science and other disciplines; interpretation of multispectral scanner, RADAR and thermal imagery, classification, postclassification analysis, special transformations, multitemporal data analysis for change detection, the study of spectral characteristics of vegetation, soils, water, minerals and other materials. The specific objectives of the course are to acquaint the student with the physical principles underlying remote sensing systems and the primary remote-sensing data-collection systems; introduce the student to methods of interpreting and analyzing remotely sensed data; provide some insight concerning the applications of remote sensing in various discipline areas; and provide hands-on experience in digital image processing using software packages available in the computer lab. Open to doctoral and masters students. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	GEOG 383 - Introduction to Remote Sensing This course is designed to introduce the students to the principles and analytical methods of satellite remote sensing as applied to environmental systems (e.g., land-cover classification, vegetation monitoring, etc.). Lectures will cover principles of remote sensing, sensor types, as well as the processing and analysis of multispectral satellite images (e.g. Landsat and SPOT). A series of hands-on lab exercises will complement students’ understanding of lecture material and also helps students to become familiar with image processing functions of the IDRISI image analysis software. Particular emphasis will be placed on final group project that brings a real world perspective to the learning process. Open to doctoral and masters students. Prerequisites: Vector GIS or Raster GIS, and must register for Lab. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year.
	GEOG 385 - Proposal Writing Offered for variable credit to geography doctoral students only who are working on their proposal writing. Anticipated Terms Offered: varied
	GEOG 386 - Special Topics Devoted to a specific topic unique for each semester and instructor. May be repeatable for credit.; SPRING 2020 SEC. 1: GEOGRAPHIES OF POVERTY & INEQUALITY - The gap between the rich and poor is growing, prompting concerns about what intensifying inequality and poverty might mean for society. This course will provide students with an opportunity to think deeply about the diverse causes, consequences and experiences of inequality and poverty. We will focus primarily on the United States, but we will look at historical and international comparisons as well, to help us identify and analyze the underlying structural causes and consequences of poverty and inequality so we might envision alternatives.; SEC. 2: WRITER’S WORKSHOP SEMINAR - This course is designed for students who are seeking to advance and conclude a major piece of writing-whether a journal article, thesis or dissertation-during the semester. Using a workshop-style format, students will also have an opportunity to engage in the peer review process and will also be introduced to a variety of writing strategies, exercises and resources that will support the development of an academic writing habit. Students interested in the workshop must be prepared to write, revise and submit a major piece of writing by the end of the semester; a writing project with a clear scope and deadline are essential for success in this course.; SEC. 4: AGRARIAN QUESTIONS: LAND, LABOR, AND LIVELIHOODS - Agriculture has been foundational to the formation of the modern nation-state and the development of capitalism. The persistence of agrarian struggles worldwide is a testament to how the late nineteenth-century “agrarian question” (how capitalism takes hold of agriculture and with what political consequences) is still deeply relevant to this day. The seminar will expose students to classic debates and emergent issues in the interdisciplinary field of critical agrarian studies.; SEC. 5: GEOGRAPHIES OF RACE AND SPECULATION - Critical geographies call our attention to the ways in which practices of speculation have produced spaces of difference and domination. In this seminar, drawing from a range of critical geographical perspectives-anti- and post-colonial, feminist, black, and otherwise radical-we seek to explore two primary questions. The first, how does speculative action create architectures of difference (specifically “racial-sexual hierarchies”)? The second, how has speculative thought opened up ways of understanding human geographies that go beyond simply mapping intersections of racialized subjects and place, and instead, seek to imagine more livable worlds?; SEC. 6: POLITICAL ECOLOGIES OF THE ANTHROPOCENE: APARTHEID, DYSTOPIA, OR HOPE? - The future looks bleak in much popular culture. The realities and fears of accelerating climate change and related socionatural catastrophes of the Anthropocene foreshadow possible futures in which responses to radical ecological changes center on what a growing body of scholarship terms ‘apartheid ecologies.’ In this seminar, we will examine what a world structured along such lines might look like; whether it would represent the death knell or the apotheosis of capitalist modernity and liberalism; and potential intellectual and political responses and alternatives to these grim futures.; SEC. 7: HOW THE CITY WORKS - Based around the production of a “citizens guide,” students will examine different parts of the city - its economy, its government, its financing, its cultures. Students will review and critically analyze existing academic knowledge about the city’s functioning parts. We will then reach out beyond academic debates, exploring how to understand and explain to others how the city we live in works.; FALL 2019 SEC. 1: LAND AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE - This course focuses on the geographical and interdisciplinary fields of land system science, vulnerability science and socio-ecological systems. Emphasis on student-driven research projects, empirical analyses, and integration with conceptual frameworks and methodologies in complex systems research, with applications to the science-policy interface.; SEC. 2: HABITAT MODELING - Species distribution models (SDMs), are increasingly used to evaluate the impacts of global change on biodiversity, to assess protection status, and for protected areas planning. This 7 weeks course introduces students to habitat modeling methods and applications. The course starts with an introduction to ecological niche modeling, and continues with topics of data gathering, pre-processing, modeling (including statistical and machine learning algorithms), and validation. Topics will be covered through a combination of lectures, discussion of assigned readings and take home exercises. Undergraduates by permission.; SEC. 3 - ROGAN: URBAN FORESTRY - This special topics course will provide students in-depth experience with the interdisciplinary fields of arboriculture and urban greening. Relevant urban forestry literature will complement weekly field training in tree inventory and GIS mapping. Field inventory training and application will take place at a variety of sites in Worcester, but predominantly in the Clark University Hadwen Arboretum. Students can take advantage of arboriculture specialization certification opportunities while working alongside urban tree professionals affiliated with The Worcester Tree Initiative and the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation. A key goal of the course is to work with the City of Worcester to improve the condition of the Hadwen Arboretum. Fieldtrips for tree inventory locally every week up until late November. Interest in fieldwork is a key prerequisite. Database management and GIS analysis will also play a large role in this experience. Anticipated Terms Offered: Every semester
	GEOG 387 - New Methods in Earth Observation Understanding the Earth System depends on observing observations of socioeconomic and environmental patterns and processes across multiple spatial and temporal scales. These scales span seconds to decades in time, and centimeters to millions of square kilometers in space. Earth Observation (also known as remote sensing) is the only feasible means for providing this range of perspectives, but our ability to collect data across all necessary scales is currently limited by inherent tradeoffs between the extent, duration, frequency, and resolution of observation. This suggests the possibility that there may be important, but currently unknown, phenomena that exist within our observational blind spots. Some of this blindness is imposed by physics (there are only so many photons reflected from the Earth, and these are proportional to wavelength), but many are due to engineering or economic constraints (some sensors are too expensive to use more than once or over a large area). These latter hurdles are falling, however, as new “big data” analytical techniques emerge, and combine with increasingly available, high quality, low-cost data made possible by a host of new innovations, including cheap satellites, unmanned aerial systems, inexpensive cellphone enabled field sensors, and the availability of a large pool of internet-enabled workers who can interpret these data in ways that computers cannot. By harnessing these new developments, geographers can make breakthroughs in understanding Earth System dynamics, while answering fundamental but unresolved questions. This course is a skills-based follow-on to GEOG 391-Innovation in Earth Observation, a seminar that reviews the key limitations facing Earth Observation (EO), the recent developments that are challenging these limitations, what limitations remain, and what new challenges are being posed by EO advances. In this course, students will work, within the broader context of several active research projects, on developing and applying several specific EO methods that were reviewed in GEOG391. Prerequisites: By instructor permission, or successful completion of GEOG 391 - Innovation in Earth Observation GEOG 391 - Innovation in Earth Observation (Spring 2018) Understanding the Earth System depends on observations of socioeconomic and environmental processes collected across multiple spatial and temporal scales, many of which cannot be addressed by existing Earth Observation (EO, or remote sensing) systems because of inherent tradeoffs between the extent, duration, frequency, and resolution of observation. In the past few years these obstacles have started to fall as new methods and technologies are introduced. This seminar will survey the key recent advances in EO, and their associated applications. A prerequisite for Geography and IDCE graduate students taking New Methods for Observing Our Changing World. Open to graduate students; advanced undergraduates may ask permission. Anticipated Terms Offered: bi-annually
	GEOG 388 - Development Policy A research seminar for students with some background in development studies. After an introduction on policy and policy-making institutions, the seminar critically examines recent tendencies in development policy, particularly the policies advocated by the World Bank, IMF and WTO. The course also looks at alternative development. Open to doctoral and masters students. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	GEOG 389 - Conservation GIS Although human induced changes on the Earth have been occurring for thousands of years, the current magnitude, rate and spatial scale of these changes are unprecedented. With the beginning of industrialization in the 1800’s we entered a new epoch - the Anthropocene- in which humans are the main driving force of environmental change. Land cover change, overhunting and climate change are the main drivers of worldwide species extinctions, which are currently 1000 times the background extinction rate. The Conservation GIS seminar will focus on technological developments related to the application of GIS and Remote Sensing (RS) in conservation assessments, planning and management, through the review of literature and case studies. Open to graduate students; advanced undergraduates may ask permission. Prerequisites: GEOG 190 /IDCE 310 (Introduction to GIS), GEOG 293 /GEOG 383 (Introduction to Remote Sensing), ID 296 /IDCE 388 (Advanced Vector GIS) Anticipated Terms Offered: Annually, Fall Module A
	GEOG 391 - Innovations in Earth Observations Understanding the Earth System depends on observations of socioeconomic and environmental processes collected across multiple spatial and temporal scales, many of which cannot be addressed by existing Earth Observation (EO, or remote sensing) systems because of inherent tradeoffs between the extent, duration, frequency, and resolution of observation. In the past few years these obstacles have started to fall as new methods and technologies are introduced. This seminar will survey the key recent advances in EO, and their associated applications. A prerequisite for Geography and IDCE graduate students taking New Methods for Observing Our Changing World. Open to graduate students; advanced undergraduates may ask permission. Prerequisites: GEOG 383 Introduction to Remote Sensing must be completed before signing up for this course. Anticipated Terms Offered: annually
	GEOG 392 - Remote Sensing of Global Environmental Change Human and natural forces are profoundly altering earth’s surface and function. This graduate-level seminar investigates how satellite remote sensing is being used to monitor and understand these changes, thus addressing many of the frontier challenges in earth system science today. Specific topics will include desertification, loss of snow and ice cover, forest disturbances, fire detection, famine early warning, boreal forest migration, carbon cycle assessments, trends in hurricane intensity, coral crises, and climate variability and change. Students will read and introduce primary and popular literatures, critically evaluate specific remote sensing applications, facilitate discussions, and debate interpretations and conclusions. Open to doctoral and masters students. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year.
	GEOG 394 - Dissertation Writing This is a variable unit, graduate course for students engaged in writing a Ph.D. Dissertation. Anticipated Terms Offered: Every Semester
	GEOG 396 - Polar Environmental Change Research Earth’s polar regions are particularly vulnerable to observed and projected shifts in climate and act as harbingers of global change, as these regions are poised to warm more than any other region over the next century. This seminar focuses on recent advances in polar environmental change research, providing a system-science approach to understanding land-ocean-atmosphere-ice-human interactions at high latitudes. Students also focus on independent research projects that can be contextualized within existing primary and cutting-edge polar science literature. Topics covered will change each semester. Open to doctoral and masters students. Anticipated Terms Offered: varied
	GEOG 397 - Advanced Raster GIS This course builds on Introduction to GIS by delving deeper into raster GIS. Topics include time-series analysis, uncertainty assessment, multi-objective decision making, land-change modeling, and spatial statistics. Concepts in lectures are illustrated using the Idrisi software. Final project is required. This is a prerequisite for the fifth year Masters program in GIS and is a requirement for the GISDE masters program. This is a prerequisite for the accelerated degree program (MS GIS) and is a requirement for the GISDE masters program. Prerequisites: GEOG 190 /GEOG 390 /IDCE 310 - Intro to Geographic Information Systems or permission of instructor. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every spring
	GEOG 398 - Internship Academic experience taking place in the field with an opportunity to earn university credit. For doctoral and masters students. Anticipated Terms Offered: -
	GEOG 399 - Directed Study Directed readings, discussion, and research supervision designed for doctoral students and some qdvanced qualified masters students. Permission from instructor is required for registration Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every semester
	GEOG 1020 - Weather and Climate This course focuses on understanding controls of weather, including insolation, evaporation, wind, and topography as well as the climates that result, and how they may influence human activities. Students are also introduced to fundamentals of scientific inquiry and knowledge with exposure to observational methods, data analysis, and forecasting. Course Designation/Attribute: SP (summer only) Anticipated Terms Offered: varied
	GEOG 1040 - Earth System Science An introduction to the structure and function of the earth system, with a focus on how the Earth system sustains life. Topics include the connections among the terrestrial surface, oceans, and atmosphere and how these connections create and sustain the climates and biomes of the world and provide ecosystem services. Course Designation/Attribute: SP (Summer Only) Anticipated Terms Offered: Varies
	GEOG 1270 - Political Economy of Development Why do some people die from too much consumption yet others at the opposite corner of the world perish from poverty and starvation? Development theories try to answer fundamental questions like this. This course critically examines these development theories, including classical, neoclassical and Keynesian economies; modernization theory; dependency, Marxist and neo-Marxist and world systems theories; post-developmentalism; feminism and feminist critiques of development; and critical modernist theories. The course quickly takes students with an initial interest in development to a high level of critical understanding. Fulfills the Global Comparison perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: GP (summer only) Anticipated Terms Offered: varies
	GEOG 1791 - Local/Global Environmental Justice This class will provide you with a stimulus and a forum for you to look at global and local environment and development issues through the eyes of people whose lives and livelihoods are at stake in the process of economic, ecological, cultural and political change in particular places throughout the world. The course will examine these changes through a fusion of environmental justice and political perspectives. Combing these two perspectives will help us look critically and creatively at the networks that connect us ecologically, politically and ethically with the people, living beings and places on the planet. They also help to illuminate the complex ways that race, class, gender, culture , and ethnicity intersect to shape the nature of environmental and development problems, including the ways in which people experience and become interested in these problems. Course Designation/Attribute: VP Anticipated Terms Offered: 201905
	GEOG 1900 - Introduction to Geographic Information Science This course introduces Geographic Information Science (GIS) as a powerful mapping and analytical tool. Topics include GISc data structure, map projections, and fundamental GISc techniques for spatial analysis. Laboratory exercises concentrate on applying concepts presented in lectures and incorporate two widely used GISc software packages - IDRISI (created by Clarklabs) and ArcGIS (created by ESRI). These exercises include examples of GISc applications in environmental modeling, socio-demographic change and site suitability analyses. Although the course is computer-intensive, no programming background is required. Course Designation/Attribute: FA (summer only) Anticipated Terms Offered: varies
	GEOG 2050 - Introduction to Hydrology This course offers an overview of the hydrological cycle’s major components of precipitation, evapotranspiration, soil moisture, surface water, and groundwater. The core principles of physical hydrology will be introduced to students with topics, such as runoff processes, surface and subsurface storage and flows, and land-atmosphere exchange. Students will learn about human influences on the water cycle and management of water resources at field to watershed scales. Anticipated Terms Offered: varied
	GERM 101 - Introductory German I Imparts an active command of German. Combines grammar, oral practice and readings in literary and expository prose. There are weekly conversation groups with a native German speaker and individual laboratory work. LP upon completin of 102 Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Language, Literature and Culture for the language placement guidelines.
	GERM 102 - Elementary German II Second half of elementary German. Continues the focus on developing basic language skills in reading, writing, speaking, and listening. Course Designation/Attribute: LP Anticipated Terms Offered: n/a Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Language, Literature and Culture for the language placement guidelines.
	GERM 103 - Intermediate German I Consolidates basic skills for students who have completed GERM 102 or the equivalent. Reviews grammar, reading and discussion of selections from newspapers and magazines. Develops skills in oral and written expression. There are weekly conversation groups with a native German speaker and individual laboratory work. Prerequisites: GERM 102 or equivalent. Course Designation/Attribute: LP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Language, Literature and Culture for the language placement guidelines.
	GERM 104 - Intermediate German II Bridges basic skills courses and advanced courses in language, literature and culture. Reviews grammar and studies literary works on themes of contemporary German culture. Develops the ability to articulate ideas and to participate in discussions in German. There are weekly conversation groups with a native German speaker as well as individual laboratory work. Prerequisites: GERM 103 or equivalent. Course Designation/Attribute: LP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Language, Literature and Culture for the language placement guidelines.
	GERM 250 - German Film and the Frankfurt School In this course, we will survey the masterpieces of German-language cinema, beginning with such expressionist works of art as Wiene’s The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, Murnau’s Nosferatu, Lang’s Metropolis and M, and Sagan’s Mädchen in Uniform. We will also study Nazi film, particularly Leni Riefenstahl’s work. Among the postwar directors that we study will be Fassbinder, Herzog and Wenders. Queer German film-makers such as Praunheim and Treut will receive special attention. The course will conclude with recent critical and popular successes such as Run Lola Run and The Lives of Others. As a critical lens, we will rely heavily on psychoanalytic and Frankfurt School criticism, focusing on writings by Sigmund Freud, Walter Benjamin, Siegfried Kracauer and Theodor Adorno. In addition to class meetings, a weekly video screening of approximately two hours is required. All discussion in English. Students taking the course for German credit will be expected to watch the films without subtitles and complete written assignments in German; students taking the course for credit in Screen Studies or Communication and Culture will generally watch films with subtitles and write in English. Course Designation/Attribute: AP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered Fall 2019 Placement Guidelines Taught in English
	GERM 299 - Directed Study Undergraduates, typically juniors and seniors, construct an independent study course on a topic approved and directed by a faculty member. Offered for variable credit. May be repeatable for credit. Anticipated Terms Offered: Every Semester
	GES 297 - HONORS Readings and research for students in the honors program. Anticipated Terms Offered: each semester
	GES 298 - Internship An Academic internship is a practical work experience with an academic component that enables a student to gain knowledge and skills within an organization, industry, or functional area that reflects the student’s academic and professional interests. Anticipated Terms Offered: Fall/Spring
	GRK 101 - Introductory Greek I Introduces the language of classical Greece. Covers the grammar and syntax of the Ancient Greek. Students read Ancient Greek texts including philosophical works such as Plato’s “Apology of Socrates and Crito,” and selections from Homer, Herodotus and the New Testament. Offered Periodically LP upon completion of 102 Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered Periodically Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures for the language placement guidelines.
	GRK 102 - Elementary Greek II Second half of elementary Greek. Continues the focus on developing basic language skills in reading, writing, speaking, and listening. Course Designation/Attribute: LP Anticipated Terms Offered: Varied
	HEBR 101 - Elementary Hebrew I Modern conversational Hebrew. Emphasizes speaking, reading, writing and listening skills. Acquisition of vocabulary and basic grammar. Two class meetings per week, one hour of mandatory drill sessions led by a teaching assistant and individual work in the language laboratory. HEBR 102 LP upon completion of 102 Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Language, Literature and Culture for the language placement guidelines.
	HEBR 102 - Elementary Hebrew II This course is a continuation of HEBR 101 . Offered also for students who placed at that level during placements exams. Course Designation/Attribute: LP Anticipated Terms Offered: Varied Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Language, Literature and Culture for the language placement guidelines.
	HEBR 103 - Intermediate Hebrew I Modern conversational Hebrew. Emphasis on speaking, reading, writing and listening skills. Enrichment and reinforcement of verbal expressions and grammatical structures. Two class meetings per week, one hour of mandatory drill sessions led by a teaching assistant and individual work in the language laboratory. Prerequisites: HEBR 102 or the equivalent required. Course Designation/Attribute: LP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Language, Literature and Culture for the language placement guidelines.
	HEBR 104 - Intermediate-Advanced Hebrew Surveys significant Hebrew texts, including literature and newspapers, focusing on current events through literature. Enrichment of verbal and written expression and grammatical structures. Two class meetings per week, one hour of drill sessions, and individual work in the language laboratory. Prerequisites: HEBR 103 or equivalent required. Course Designation/Attribute: LP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Language, Literature and Culture for the language placement guidelines.
	HEBR 299 - Directed Study Undergraduates, typically juniors and seniors, construct an independent study course on a topic approved and directed by a faculty member. Offered for variable credit. May be repeatable for credit. Anticipated Terms Offered: Every Semester
	HGS 298 - Internship An Academic internship is a practical work experience with an academic component that enables a student to gain knowledge and skills within an organization, industry, or functional area that reflects the student’s academic and professional interests while earning credit. Maybe repeatable for credit. Anticipated Terms Offered: Every Semester
	HGS 299 - Directed Study Graduate students construct an independent study course on a topic approved and directed by a faculty member. Offered for variable credit. May be repeatable for credit. Anticipated Terms Offered: Every Semester
	HGS 397 - Doctoral Dissertation PhD. students work on their dissertation research under the direction of a faculty member. Offered for variable credit. Anticipated Terms Offered: Every Semester
	HGS 399 - Directed Study PhD. students construct an independent study course on a topic approved and directed by a faculty member. Offered for variable credit. May be repeatable for credit. Anticipated Terms Offered: Every Semester
	HIST 011 - Survey of U.S. History to 1865 This introductory course offers a survey of what is conventionally referred to as early American or United States History. More precisely, our attention will be focused on the history of the region of North America that embarked upon the national project of the “United States” during the American Revolution of the late eighteenth century. In essence we will examine what might be considered the formative years of the modern United States, running from the earliest seventeenth-century settlements through the solidifying of the national project during the great Civil War of the mid-nineteenth century. Recurrent thematic concerns will include the interlocking experiences of native Americans, African-Americans, and Euro-Americans; the complicated process by which all Americans together defined and shaped a distinctive national identity and republican culture; and the ongoing challenge for Americans of arriving at a meaningful definition of individual liberty while balancing this commitment to liberty with a parallel commitment to order, community, and the public or common good. Fulfills the Historical Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 012 - Survey of U.S. History Since 1865 Chronicles the rise of America to world power, focusing on key internal and foreign policy developments and conflict. Private and public life and the diversity of Americans’ experiences are highlighted. Attention is given to general political, social, economic and intellectual developments. Fulfills the Historical Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 016 - American Race and Ethnicity Explores the influence that racial and ethnic patterns have on American history from colonial times to the present. Largely through first-hand accounts, students will explore the experiences of various ethnic and racial groups in American history. Fulfills the Historical Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 037 - Nineteenth-Century America Through Women’s Eyes How is our understanding of the past transformed when we look at it through women’s eyes? This seminar explores the major developments of 19th-century American history industrialization, slavery, westward expansion, immigration, and reform, as captured in women’s narrative writings, diaries, letters, autobiographies and autobiographical fiction. Its goals are three-fold: to introduce students to history as a lively scholarly discipline (as opposed to a timeless and fixed story of the past); to familiarize students with the central questions of women’s history; and to train students in the reading, analysis and critique of primary sources. What will emerge at the end of our investigation is an understanding of the ways in which the experience and production of history are shaped by gender and, in turn, how the experience and production of gender are shaped by history. Fulfills the Historical Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 039 - The American Home: Power, Place, and Gender In order to underscore both the unity and diversity of nineteenth-century cultural life, this course revisits the variety of places Americans called home –middle-class suburban houses to working-class tenements, frontier dugouts to urban settlement houses–while considering the shifting interpretations of these spaces from within and without. Beginning with the rise of home as a haven from the uncertainties of public life, it traces the popular celebration of home as a moral force, notes the movement of domesticity into the public worlds of politics and reform, and concludes with a consideration of home’s relationship with and penetration by and of the marketplace. Fulfills Historial Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically.
	HIST 040 - The Witchcraze: Witch Hunts in Early Modern Europe From 1450-1750, hundreds of thousands of people were investigated for the crime of witchcraft across Europe and North America. Tens of thousands of them, mainly women, were executed. Over the course of the era, the figure of the witch as an ally of the Devil emerged and became an indelible part of Western culture. Yet scholars doubt that very many people in this period actually practiced witchcraft, or at least did so in the ways imagined by their prosecutors. The question then is why did all of this happen? How was the figure of the witch and the practice of witchcraft constructed? Why did they engender such panic at this particular time? Why were women so often accused? Why did the hunts begin and just as important, why did they end? This course will explore the history of the witch craze in order to provide the perspective to answer these questions. In the process, we will work on developing skills essential to the study of history: How do you pull the main points, the argument, out of a reading? How do you assess that argument? What is the raw material of history and how do historians use this raw material to write history? Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year.
	HIST 044 - Picking up the Gun: A History of Violence in African American Social and Political Movements This course takes up the history of radicals, revolutionaries, and reformers by examining the role of violence in their struggle for democratic rights, or what some scholars now call “freedom rights”. It explores the use of violence within movements to end slavery; it looks at the use of violence to attain political rights by women, black Americans, and other ethnic and religious minorities; it examines the advocacy of violence during movements against Jim Crow segregation and lynching; it considers how people and groups employed violence to end economic exploitation and class-based oppression; and it explores the use of violence by those who challenged state-violence, mass incarceration, detention, and police shootings. We will approach the topic of violent resistance by reading historical documents, philosophical treatise, analyzing poetry, pouring over fiction, and viewing films. Thus, our approach to the America’s violent past will cut across academic disciplines in order to examine the vantage point of both those who advocated (and participated in) violent actions against the government and other citizens and, those who rejected violence on principal and/or because they did not believe the use of violence to be an effective means to attain citizenship rights. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Bi-annually
	HIST 050 - Revolutions in Europe and the Americas Revolutions have been important in the construction of the world in which we live. These sudden bouts of political, military, and social upheaval not only led to regime change, but in the period from 1688 to 1848 put an end to a world based on privilege and laid the foundations for one that was more egalitarian. Through the lens of both primary and secondary documents, this course will introduce students to the main events that made up the revolutions as well as the concepts that proponents and opponents of revolution in Europe and the Americas discussed. This course has been designed to introduce entering students to the college-level experience of informed and conceptually-grounded discussion of a major topic in human culture. The writing and speaking skills students develop here will help them meet the expectations of Clark’s liberal arts curriculum. In addition, it will introduce them to the research methodologies employed in the study of History, and provide them with a platform from which to consider their own educational goals. Anticipated Terms Offered: Bi-annually
	HIST 055 - 9/11 in Fact and Fiction In the immediate aftermath of the 9/11 attacks, students at Clark and other universities across America remarked again and again that “everything is different now.” Nine years after al-Qaeda brought down the World Trade Center, however, many Americans question whether anything at all has changed, either at home or abroad. This first-year seminar will examine this apparent contradiction by placing the events of 9/11 into historical context. Among the questions we will explore are: Were the events of 9/11 truly unprecedented in American history? Were the American public and their leaders aware of the rising tide of Islamic extremism during the 1990s? How did al-Qaeda’s assault on America affect Arabs and other Muslims living in the United States? How have civil liberties in America more generally fared in the age of the Patriot Act? How have the events of 9/11 been depicted in literature, film, and popular cultural phenomena such as interactive video games? Each student will be expected to undertake an oral history evaluating the impact of 9/11 on his or her own family and to participate in a collaborative group project examining how the events of 9/11 affected the Clark community. The class will also take a field trip to New York City to visit Ground Zero. History 055 carries an HP designation. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 060 - American Jesus: Christianity and National Identity in US History The United States is one of the most religiously diverse countries in the world. It is also one of the most Christian. While church membership continues to decline in Western Europe - the home of Christian culture - American Christianity shows no sign of giving way to the temptations of secular society and the critical inroads of unbelief. The powerful notion of a “Christian America,” informed by biblical ethics and inspired by the promise of divine redemption, sits uneasily with the ideal of social pluralism and cultural modernism that characterizes the American way of life and the historical experience of many Americans. This course undertakes to explore this contradiction. Looking at the development of American Christianity from a variety of different theological, institutional and devotional perspectives, we will examine the political and cultural challenges faced by American-Christian believers and the challenges that the power of their faith continues to present to the values of their non-Christian neighbors. Course Designation/Attribute: VP Anticipated Terms Offered: Periodically
	HIST 069 - Introduction to Medieval History (400-1400) This course provides an introduction to the history, civilization, and culture of Western Europe during the Middle Ages (ca. 400-1400), from the “fall” of Rome to the beginning of the Renaissance. By broadly exploring political, social, cultural, and economic developments of this period, we will try to answer the question of what is medieval history and ultimately determine what makes this period unique. Special attention will be devoted to the importance of the Church in shaping “the contested norms” of medieval life, the evolution of new forms of political power, the foundations of new systems of knowledge, and the workings of social and gender hierarchies. The course will focus mainly on Western Europe, but will also consider key developments in the neighboring civilizations of Byzantium and Islam, as well as the influences these civilizations brought to bare on the medieval west. We will also consider modern appropriations of medieval history, from Hollywood to White Power movements. The course will introduce students to basic skills employed by historians including how to analyze primary sources, how to identify and critique scholarly arguments, and how to develop written arguments Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Bi-Annually
	HIST 070 - Introduction to European Histor: Part I, to 1600 Outlines developments of Western society and our collective identity. Presents historical angles–cultural, religious, political, military, economic and social–and integrates these analytical approaches into a coherent, popular narrative. The medieval period is emphasized as the root of modern history. HIST 070 and HIST 071 are parts of a whole, but either course may be taken without the other. Fulfills the historical perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 071 - Introduction to European History, Part II, Since 1600 Same goal as HIST 070 . Covers the military revolution of the 16th century, the bureaucratic and scientific revolutions of the 17th century, the 18th-century Enlightenment, and the political, industrial, intellectual and social revolutions of the 19th and 20th centuries. HIST 070 and 071 are parts of a whole, but either course may be taken without the other. Fulfills the historical perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 080 - Introduction to Modern East Asia Surveys modern historical trends in China, Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia, and India. Through political biographies, literary selections and general histories, the course compares native traditions, colonial experiences and postcolonial developments in Asia since roughly 1800. Fulfills the Historical Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP, DI Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	HIST 081 - Modern East Asia, 1600-Present This course surveys the histories of the four major cultures of East Asia (China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam) from 1600 CE to the present. Topics and themes to be covered include the cultural ties that bound these civilizations into a China-centered order in premodern times, Western intrusion in the 19th century, Japan’s emergence as an imperial power, colonialism in Korea and Vietnam, the battle for China, decolonization and nationalist independence movements in the postwar period, and interactions between East Asia and the world in the contemporary era. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year.
	HIST 085 - Introduction to African History This course will cover the history of the African continent, from antiquity to the present era. It will begin with the emergence of early African civilizations and their evolution into kingdoms and empires, focusing on their political organization, culture, and trade. It will then explore the rise of colonialism, the persistence of African societies under colonialism, and African resistance to it. The course will then turn to the emerging independence movements on the continent in the twentieth century, followed by the development of new political states. We will examine the challenges faced by post-colonial societies including the impact of colonial constructions of race. The course will emphasize the experience of African peoples as they built and transformed politically, economically, and culturally across these eras, as well as the ways in which Africans trade networks were situated in global ones. After completing the course, students will be able connect the themes covered in class to a greater understanding of global history and societies, which they can carry to all their areas of study. Course Designation/Attribute: HP and DI Anticipated Terms Offered: Bi-annually
	HIST 087 - Introduction to Ancient History: Rome and the Mediterranean, 1000 BCE-500 CE Numerous civilizations rose and fell around the Mediterranean Sea during Antiquity, ranging from the Egyptians, Bablyonians, and Hittites, to the Phoenicians, Persians, and Greeks. But one civilization surpassed them all in the size of its dominion and the scope of its influence on later cultures of the West and the world: ROME. In this course we will study the people, politics, and cultures of the ancient Mediterranean from roughly 1000 BCE to 500 CE, with a focus on the Romans from their humble beginnings as a tiny village on the River Tiber to their imperial dominance of much of Europe, the Near East, and North Africa. The coursework emphasizes the analysis and discussion of primary source documents in English translation, and not just those on the greatest statesman, emperors, and conquests of the Roman era, but also on Roman daily life, women and children, sports and medicine. At the end of the course, we will devote special attention to the perennial questions asked by all historians: Why did Rome fall? And what aspects of “Rome” persisted in the Middle Ages and down to this day Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Bi-annually
	HIST 090 - Twentieth-Century Global History This course examines events and themes in global history over the duration of the 20th century. Topics in the course will include the tension between internationalism and nationalism as seen in the rise of political ideologies like anarchism, socialism, and fascism, the process of global alignment during and after the World Wars and the Cold War, the role of social movements and the mobilization of people for societal change, the idea of the “Third World” and the challenges of decolonization and postcolonial nation building, and the meaning of “globalization.” Within these topical examinations, we consider the lived experience of history alongside the common threads that connect these experiences throughout the globe and to the challenges and opportunities facing our world today. Fulfills the Global Comparative Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: GP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year.
	HIST 107 - Special Topics in Global History Course Description: This is an introductory-level course on global history, variable in content. Each semester the course is offered, the content will be based on student interest and faculty expertise. The course is repeatable for credit as long as the course content varies; students may take a specific iteration of the course only once. SPRING 2020 TOPIC: SEC. 01 - ISLAM IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE SINCE 1857 Moving beyond Western-centered visions of Islam, this course examines various expressions of Islam and their evolution in global context since the mid-19th century. Beginning with the foundations of theology, law, imperial rule, and connectivity across regions, it turns toward the framing of an idea of the “Muslim World” after the Indian Mutiny of 1856-1857. Beginning with colonial discourses and the emergence of pan-Islamism, nationalism, and Islamic modernism, the course continues through the First World War and rise of national states. It will address the status of religion within and across these states, as well as the diversity of expressions of the faith in the century that followed. The course engages with changing understandings of law, the impact of colonialism, religious authority, social movements, secularism, and migration in the Islamicate world. As the course progresses, it focuses on specific case studies to illuminate global trends. Attention will be paid to Afghanistan, Iran, Central Asia, India, Algeria, Senegal, Egypt, and Western Europe. SPRING 2020 TOPIC: SEC. 02 - INTRODUCTION TO MODERN RUSSIAN AND SOVIET HISTORY, 1689 - 1991 This course will address the political, intellectual, cultural, and social history of Russia during the Imperial, and Soviet eras, from 1689 - 1964. Beginning with an introduction to the core institutions of early modern Russia, the autocracy and the Church, it moves into complex discussions of social and cultural trends, beginning with the reforms of Peter the Great. Rather than seeking an authoritative version of Russianness (the mythical “Russian soul”), this course will provide nuance by examining thought and writings produced not only by Russian-speaking elites, but Jewish, Muslim, and Ukrainian subjects of the Empire; it also includes traditionally marginalized voices of Russian women and serfs during the 18th and 19th centuries. Its focus embraces all regions of the former Russian Empire and Soviet Union, including areas outside of today’s Russia, with distinct national and cultural identities. Particular attention will be paid to Ukraine. The course continues with the rise of revolutionary activity, the collapse of the Romanov Dynasty, and the emergence of the Soviet Union out of the First World War. It concludes with examinations of Stalinist collectivization, totalitarianism, and the Second World War, before addressing the reforms of the Khrushchev years and causes of Soviet collapse. Anticipated Terms Offered: Each semester, as needed.
	HIST 109 - Special Topics in History This is an introductory-level variable content course. Each semester the course is offered, the content will be based on student interest and faculty expertise. SPRING 2020 TOPIC: MAKING NOISE: THE MEANINGS OF SOUND IN AMERICAN HISTORY From the colonial era to the present, Americans have used sounds to project political power, build community, inspire action, and express cultural identity; to deceive or control others, or educate and empower them. In this course, we will explore what America sounded like in different times and places, and what these sounds meant to the people who made and heard them. We will consider the political and cultural meanings of music (including sea chanties, religious singing, social movement music, advertising jingles, rock ‘n’ roll and hip-hop), spoken word (gender in political speech, languages and ethnic accents, performed poetry and comedy), and noise (the ways people have interpreted and shaped the “soundscapes” in which they live, from sounds of the natural environment like thunder and wind, to man-made sounds of industrial machinery and city traffic). Considering the aural dimensions of racial and ethnic representation will help us hear how African Americans, Latinxs, and Native Americans have been portrayed in popular culture and how they have used sound to craft their own narratives. We will analyze audio and audiovisual recordings as primary sources to understand our past, and examine the uses of sound to convey historical knowledge in secondary sources such as documentaries and podcasts. Anticipated Terms Offered: Each semester, as needed.
	HIST 110 - Early Modern Europe This course will cover the major trends in early modern European history, roughly from 1400-1800, including the Renaissance, Scientific Revolution, the decline of the position of women, and Revolution. Four hundred years and an entire continent is a lot to take on in a single semester. Consequently, while the presentation of material will roughly follow a chronological order, we will be emphasizing certain themes. These will include the rise of the state, the emergence of capitalism and European empires, confessional conflict, class relations, and the growth of “modern” thought. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 112 - African American History to 1865 This course introduces students to the most important events and issues African Americans confronted as they struggled for equality and “freedom” in the United States prior to 1865. We will analyze and discuss the black experience using a variety of sources. Topics include the Atlantic slave trade, evolution of African American communities and culture, the free black community, the distinct experience of black women, and the antebellum black protest tradition. Through the use of class discussions, lectures, and multimedia presentations, we will learn about the diverse and complex history of African Americans. Course Designation/Attribute: HP & DI Anticipated Terms Offered: yearly
	HIST 114 - African-American History, 1865-Present This course examines the history of African Americans from the Civil War to present day with special emphasis on the ways individuals and organizations challenged racial oppression. Students will examine how black Americans demonstrated a sense of agency within the context of Jim Crow segregation, employment discrimination, and disenfranchisement. Topics include Reconstruction, northern migrations, Ida B. Wells-Barnett and the Women’s Club Movement, Garveyism, Civil Rights and Black Power movements, as well as the advent of African American popular culture. Course Designation/Attribute: HP & DI Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 116 - Pre-Colonial African History This introductory course presents a brief overview of the history of Africa and its peoples–from the earliest times to the end of the nineteenth century. The class will introduce intellectual tools to students for them to intelligently explore key events in African history. In the course, there will be an examination of various aspects of African life, with an emphasis on cultural, societal and demographic themes. It explores the African past through a combination of presentations, texts (“primary” and “secondary” sources), films, arts, and music. Anticipated Terms Offered: Annually
	HIST 118 - Revolutionary Europe, 1789-1918 This course examines the history of Europe between the French Revolution in 1789 and the end of World War I in 1918 and the destruction of European monarchies and empires. It will cover all regional parts of Europe but focus on France, England, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, and Russia. Rather than following a chronological narrative, the course will explore specific topics and thus explain major political, social, economic and cultural transformations such as industrialization, urbanization, nation-building, imperialism, the eugenic movement, the rise of the working class and of socialism, the change of the gender order, and other. Each of them will cover one week, usually by providing a survey at the first weekly meeting and by discussing a related special aspect or a document at the second meeting of that week. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	HIST 120 - Writing History Introduces students to the discipline of history, with emphasis on the different types of historical writing and on the issues involved in the research and writing of historical studies. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every semester
	HIST 121 - Jewish History After 1492 The course will proceed chronologically from 1492 (the expulsion of Sephardic Jews from Spain) to the present day. As we move through the history, we will ask: how have the processes of modernity shaped the Jewish experience and, in turn, how have Jews shaped modernity? What has made a Jew a Jew across time and space? What have been the cultural, ethnic, political, religious, and social ties that have defined Jewish identity and belonging? How has internal diversity among Jews changed and mattered over the course of early modern and modern history? How have Jews’ relations with their non-Jewish neighbors shaped Jewish identity? How have the experiences of Jewish women and men differed and how has gender affected Jewish lives? How have Jews defined and envisioned Jewish “groupness”? What are the objects, ritual practices, and physical spaces that have been important in Jewish life? What are the stories that are central to Jewish identity? How have these narratives been constructed and preserved and how has their meaning changed over time? This course stresses the close analysis of primary sources (both textual and visual), and also incorporates film and literature. Course Designation/Attribute: HP, DI Anticipated Terms Offered: Annually
	Hist 125 - Genocides, Ethnic Cleansings, and Forced Deportations in the Twentieth Century: The Balkans and the Middle East Genocides and mass atrocities are still very relevant in eastern Europe and the Middle East. They have a tragic history, one that goes back to the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when much of the area under Ottoman, and then Turkish rule. This course will explore the major genocides and mass atrocities that took place in the Balkans and the Middle East against various ethnic and religious national communities in the twentieth century. We will begin with an examination of the period before and shortly after WWI, when state and non-state action against minorities changed the ethnic landscape, while establishing patterns and modus operandi for future such atrocities. These include, but are not limited to, the massacres and genocide against Armenian and Assyrian (1894-6 and 1915-1918), the ethnic cleansings in Balkans (1912-1914), and the Pontus Greek Genocide (1921-22). We will then turn our attention to the Republic period of Turkey, examining pogroms against Jews as well as the Dersim Genocide (1937-8). Turkey still denies the genocide against Christians, and the United States continues to support Turkey’s denialism. The course will discuss the reasons behind the policies of the United States against the background of the current developments in the Middle East. Finally, we will focus on the mass atrocities and genocide against Kurds in Iraq in 1980s/90s, and those that tore apart the Balkans in the 1990s. Course Designation/Attribute: HP, DI Anticipated Terms Offered: Bi-annually

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Courses

GEOG 329 - Critical Theory: Space, Society and Change

GEOG 330 - Introduction to Species Distribution Modeling

GEOG 332 - Landscape Ecology

GEOG 333 - Terrestrial Ecosystems and Global Change

GEOG 336 - Wildlife Conservation GIS Research Seminar

GEOG 337 - Feminism, Nature and Culture

GEOG 338 - Current Research in Geography

GEOG 340 - Graduate Seminar in Critical Mobilities

GEOG 343 - Human Dimensions of Global Change

GEOG 345 - Remote Sensing of the Cryosphere

GEOG 346 - Geospatial Analysis with R

GEOG 347 - Intermediate Quantitative Methods in Geography

GEOG 348 - Social Justice and the City

GEOG 349 - Advanced Topics in Spatial Analysis

GEOG 351 - Seminar in Critical Resource/Food Geographies

GEOG 352 - GIS & Land Change Science

GEOG 356 - Utopian Visions, Urban Realities: Planning Cities for the 21st Century

GEOG 357 - Internet Geography: Socioeconomic Impacts of Information Technologies

GEOG 360 - GIS & Land Change Models

GEOG 361 - Decision Methods for Environmental Management and Policy

GEOG 362 - Seminar on Globalization

GEOG 363 - The Climate System and Global Environmental Change

GEOG 366 - Topics in Urban Geography

GEOG 367 - Governing Development: Institutions, Networks, Space, Place

GEOG 368 - The Development of Western Geographic Thought

GEOG 369 - Relational Political-Economic Geographies

GEOG 370 - Development’s Geographies: Debates and Interventions

GEOG 373 - Seminar in Urban Geography

GEOG 375 - Technology and Sustainability: Perspectives from the Global South

GEOG 377 - Africa’s Development in Global Context

GEOG 378 - Emerging Issues in Climate Change Science

GEOG 379 - GIS & Map Comparison

GEOG 380 - Urban Ecology: Cities as Ecosystems

GEOG 382 - Advanced Remote Sensing

GEOG 383 - Introduction to Remote Sensing

GEOG 385 - Proposal Writing

GEOG 386 - Special Topics

GEOG 387 - New Methods in Earth Observation

GEOG 388 - Development Policy

GEOG 389 - Conservation GIS

GEOG 391 - Innovations in Earth Observations

GEOG 392 - Remote Sensing of Global Environmental Change

GEOG 394 - Dissertation Writing

GEOG 396 - Polar Environmental Change Research

GEOG 397 - Advanced Raster GIS

GEOG 398 - Internship

GEOG 399 - Directed Study

GEOG 1020 - Weather and Climate

GEOG 1040 - Earth System Science

GEOG 1270 - Political Economy of Development

GEOG 1791 - Local/Global Environmental Justice

GEOG 1900 - Introduction to Geographic Information Science

GEOG 2050 - Introduction to Hydrology

GERM 101 - Introductory German I

GERM 102 - Elementary German II

GERM 103 - Intermediate German I

GERM 104 - Intermediate German II

GERM 250 - German Film and the Frankfurt School

GERM 299 - Directed Study

GES 297 - HONORS

GES 298 - Internship

GRK 101 - Introductory Greek I

GRK 102 - Elementary Greek II

HEBR 101 - Elementary Hebrew I

HEBR 102 - Elementary Hebrew II

HEBR 103 - Intermediate Hebrew I

HEBR 104 - Intermediate-Advanced Hebrew

HEBR 299 - Directed Study

HGS 298 - Internship

HGS 299 - Directed Study

HGS 397 - Doctoral Dissertation

HGS 399 - Directed Study

HIST 011 - Survey of U.S. History to 1865

HIST 012 - Survey of U.S. History Since 1865

HIST 016 - American Race and Ethnicity

HIST 037 - Nineteenth-Century America Through Women’s Eyes

HIST 039 - The American Home: Power, Place, and Gender

HIST 040 - The Witchcraze: Witch Hunts in Early Modern Europe

HIST 044 - Picking up the Gun: A History of Violence in African American Social and Political Movements