2020-2021 Academic Catalog

Jun 02, 2024

2020-2021 Academic Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

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	GEOG 1040 - Earth System Science An introduction to the structure and function of the earth system, with a focus on how the Earth system sustains life. Topics include the connections among the terrestrial surface, oceans, and atmosphere and how these connections create and sustain the climates and biomes of the world and provide ecosystem services. Course Designation/Attribute: SP (Summer Only) Anticipated Terms Offered: Varies
	GEOG 1270 - Political Economy of Development Why do some people die from too much consumption yet others at the opposite corner of the world perish from poverty and starvation? Development theories try to answer fundamental questions like this. This course critically examines these development theories, including classical, neoclassical and Keynesian economies; modernization theory; dependency, Marxist and neo-Marxist and world systems theories; post-developmentalism; feminism and feminist critiques of development; and critical modernist theories. The course quickly takes students with an initial interest in development to a high level of critical understanding. Fulfills the Global Comparison perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: GP (summer only) Anticipated Terms Offered: varies
	GEOG 1791 - Local/Global Environmental Justice This class will provide you with a stimulus and a forum for you to look at global and local environment and development issues through the eyes of people whose lives and livelihoods are at stake in the process of economic, ecological, cultural and political change in particular places throughout the world. The course will examine these changes through a fusion of environmental justice and political perspectives. Combing these two perspectives will help us look critically and creatively at the networks that connect us ecologically, politically and ethically with the people, living beings and places on the planet. They also help to illuminate the complex ways that race, class, gender, culture , and ethnicity intersect to shape the nature of environmental and development problems, including the ways in which people experience and become interested in these problems. Course Designation/Attribute: VP Anticipated Terms Offered: 201905
	GEOG 1900 - Introduction to Geographic Information Science This course introduces Geographic Information Science (GIS) as a powerful mapping and analytical tool. Topics include GISc data structure, map projections, and fundamental GISc techniques for spatial analysis. Laboratory exercises concentrate on applying concepts presented in lectures and incorporate two widely used GISc software packages - IDRISI (created by Clarklabs) and ArcGIS (created by ESRI). These exercises include examples of GISc applications in environmental modeling, socio-demographic change and site suitability analyses. Although the course is computer-intensive, no programming background is required. Course Designation/Attribute: FA (summer only) Anticipated Terms Offered: varies
	GEOG 2050 - Introduction to Hydrology This course offers an overview of the hydrological cycle’s major components of precipitation, evapotranspiration, soil moisture, surface water, and groundwater. The core principles of physical hydrology will be introduced to students with topics, such as runoff processes, surface and subsurface storage and flows, and land-atmosphere exchange. Students will learn about human influences on the water cycle and management of water resources at field to watershed scales. Anticipated Terms Offered: varied
	GERM 101 - Introductory German I Imparts an active command of German. Combines grammar, oral practice and readings in literary and expository prose. There are weekly conversation groups with a native German speaker and individual laboratory work. LP upon completin of 102 Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Language, Literature and Culture for the language placement guidelines.
	GERM 102 - Elementary German II Second half of elementary German. Continues the focus on developing basic language skills in reading, writing, speaking, and listening. Course Designation/Attribute: LP Anticipated Terms Offered: n/a Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Language, Literature and Culture for the language placement guidelines.
	GERM 103 - Intermediate German I Consolidates basic skills for students who have completed GERM 102 or the equivalent. Reviews grammar, reading and discussion of selections from newspapers and magazines. Develops skills in oral and written expression. There are weekly conversation groups with a native German speaker and individual laboratory work. Prerequisites: GERM 102 or equivalent. Course Designation/Attribute: LP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Language, Literature and Culture for the language placement guidelines.
	GERM 104 - Intermediate German II Bridges basic skills courses and advanced courses in language, literature and culture. Reviews grammar and studies literary works on themes of contemporary German culture. Develops the ability to articulate ideas and to participate in discussions in German. There are weekly conversation groups with a native German speaker as well as individual laboratory work. Prerequisites: GERM 103 or equivalent. Course Designation/Attribute: LP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Language, Literature and Culture for the language placement guidelines.
	GERM 250 - German Film and the Frankfurt School In this course, we will survey the masterpieces of German-language cinema, beginning with such expressionist works of art as Wiene’s The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, Murnau’s Nosferatu, Lang’s Metropolis and M, and Sagan’s Mädchen in Uniform. We will also study Nazi film, particularly Leni Riefenstahl’s work. Among the postwar directors that we study will be Fassbinder, Herzog and Wenders. Queer German film-makers such as Praunheim and Treut will receive special attention. The course will conclude with recent critical and popular successes such as Run Lola Run and The Lives of Others. As a critical lens, we will rely heavily on psychoanalytic and Frankfurt School criticism, focusing on writings by Sigmund Freud, Walter Benjamin, Siegfried Kracauer and Theodor Adorno. In addition to class meetings, a weekly video screening of approximately two hours is required. All discussion in English. Students taking the course for German credit will be expected to watch the films without subtitles and complete written assignments in German; students taking the course for credit in Screen Studies or Communication and Culture will generally watch films with subtitles and write in English. Course Designation/Attribute: AP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered Fall 2019 Placement Guidelines Taught in English
	GERM 299 - Directed Study Undergraduates, typically juniors and seniors, construct an independent study course on a topic approved and directed by a faculty member. Offered for variable credit. May be repeatable for credit. Anticipated Terms Offered: Every Semester
	GES 297 - HONORS Readings and research for students in the honors program. Anticipated Terms Offered: each semester
	GES 298 - Internship An Academic internship is a practical work experience with an academic component that enables a student to gain knowledge and skills within an organization, industry, or functional area that reflects the student’s academic and professional interests. Anticipated Terms Offered: Fall/Spring
	HEBR 101 - Elementary Hebrew I Modern conversational Hebrew. Emphasizes speaking, reading, writing and listening skills. Acquisition of vocabulary and basic grammar. Two class meetings per week, one hour of mandatory drill sessions led by a teaching assistant and individual work in the language laboratory. HEBR 102 LP upon completion of 102 Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Language, Literature and Culture for the language placement guidelines.
	HEBR 102 - Elementary Hebrew II This course is a continuation of HEBR 101 . Offered also for students who placed at that level during placements exams. Course Designation/Attribute: LP Anticipated Terms Offered: Varied Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Language, Literature and Culture for the language placement guidelines.
	HEBR 103 - Intermediate Hebrew I Modern conversational Hebrew. Emphasis on speaking, reading, writing and listening skills. Enrichment and reinforcement of verbal expressions and grammatical structures. Two class meetings per week, one hour of mandatory drill sessions led by a teaching assistant and individual work in the language laboratory. Prerequisites: HEBR 102 or the equivalent required. Course Designation/Attribute: LP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Language, Literature and Culture for the language placement guidelines.
	HEBR 104 - Intermediate-Advanced Hebrew Surveys significant Hebrew texts, including literature and newspapers, focusing on current events through literature. Enrichment of verbal and written expression and grammatical structures. Two class meetings per week, one hour of drill sessions, and individual work in the language laboratory. Prerequisites: HEBR 103 or equivalent required. Course Designation/Attribute: LP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year Placement Guidelines Please visit the Department of Language, Literature and Culture for the language placement guidelines.
	HEBR 299 - Directed Study Undergraduates, typically juniors and seniors, construct an independent study course on a topic approved and directed by a faculty member. Offered for variable credit. May be repeatable for credit. Anticipated Terms Offered: Every Semester
	HGS 298 - Internship An Academic internship is a practical work experience with an academic component that enables a student to gain knowledge and skills within an organization, industry, or functional area that reflects the student’s academic and professional interests while earning credit. Maybe repeatable for credit. Anticipated Terms Offered: Every Semester
	HGS 299 - Directed Study Graduate students construct an independent study course on a topic approved and directed by a faculty member. Offered for variable credit. May be repeatable for credit. Anticipated Terms Offered: Every Semester
	HGS 397 - Doctoral Dissertation PhD. students work on their dissertation research under the direction of a faculty member. Offered for variable credit. Anticipated Terms Offered: Every Semester
	HGS 399 - Directed Study PhD. students construct an independent study course on a topic approved and directed by a faculty member. Offered for variable credit. May be repeatable for credit. Anticipated Terms Offered: Every Semester
	HIST 011 - Survey of U.S. History to 1865 This introductory course offers a survey of the history of the region of North America that embarked upon the national project of the “United States” during the American Revolution of the late eighteenth century. In essence we will examine what might be considered the formative years of the modern United States, running from the earliest seventeenth-century settlements through the solidifying of the national project during the great Civil War of the mid-nineteenth century. The course employs a broadly thematic approach that emphasizes a number of recurrent concerns, which include: the interlocking experiences of native Americans, African-Americans, and Euro-Americans; the complicated process by which Americans defined and shaped a distinctive national identity and republican culture; and the ongoing challenge for Americans of arriving at a meaningful definition of individual liberty while balancing this commitment to liberty with a parallel commitment to order, community, and the public or common good. Fulfills the Historical Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 012 - Survey of U.S. History Since 1865 Chronicles the rise of America to world power, focusing on key internal and foreign policy developments and conflict. Private and public life and the diversity of Americans’ experiences are highlighted. Attention is given to general political, social, economic and intellectual developments. Fulfills the Historical Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 016 - American Race and Ethnicity Explores the influence that racial and ethnic patterns have on American history from colonial times to the present. Largely through first-hand accounts, students will explore the experiences of various ethnic and racial groups in American history. Fulfills the Historical Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	HIST 037 - Nineteenth-Century America Through Women’s Eyes How is our understanding of the past transformed when we look at it through women’s eyes? This seminar explores the major developments of 19th-century American history industrialization, slavery, westward expansion, immigration, and reform, as captured in women’s narrative writings, diaries, letters, autobiographies and autobiographical fiction. Its goals are three-fold: to introduce students to history as a lively scholarly discipline (as opposed to a timeless and fixed story of the past); to familiarize students with the central questions of women’s history; and to train students in the reading, analysis and critique of primary sources. What will emerge at the end of our investigation is an understanding of the ways in which the experience and production of history are shaped by gender and, in turn, how the experience and production of gender are shaped by history. Fulfills the Historical Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 039 - The American Home: Power, Place, and Gender In order to underscore both the unity and diversity of nineteenth-century cultural life, this course revisits the variety of places Americans called home –middle-class suburban houses to working-class tenements, frontier dugouts to urban settlement houses–while considering the shifting interpretations of these spaces from within and without. Beginning with the rise of home as a haven from the uncertainties of public life, it traces the popular celebration of home as a moral force, notes the movement of domesticity into the public worlds of politics and reform, and concludes with a consideration of home’s relationship with and penetration by and of the marketplace. Fulfills Historial Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically.
	HIST 040 - The Witchcraze: Witch Hunts in Early Modern Europe From 1450-1750, hundreds of thousands of people were investigated for the crime of witchcraft across Europe and North America. Tens of thousands of them, mainly women, were executed. Over the course of the era, the figure of the witch as an ally of the Devil emerged and became an indelible part of Western culture. Yet scholars doubt that very many people in this period actually practiced witchcraft, or at least did so in the ways imagined by their prosecutors. The question then is why did all of this happen? How was the figure of the witch and the practice of witchcraft constructed? Why did they engender such panic at this particular time? Why were women so often accused? Why did the hunts begin and just as important, why did they end? This course will explore the history of the witch craze in order to provide the perspective to answer these questions. In the process, we will work on developing skills essential to the study of history: How do you pull the main points, the argument, out of a reading? How do you assess that argument? What is the raw material of history and how do historians use this raw material to write history? Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year.
	HIST 044 - Picking up the Gun: A History of Violence in African American Social and Political Movements This course takes up the history of radicals, revolutionaries, and reformers by examining the role of violence in their struggle for democratic rights, or what some scholars now call “freedom rights”. It explores the use of violence within movements to end slavery; it looks at the use of violence to attain political rights by women, black Americans, and other ethnic and religious minorities; it examines the advocacy of violence during movements against Jim Crow segregation and lynching; it considers how people and groups employed violence to end economic exploitation and class-based oppression; and it explores the use of violence by those who challenged state-violence, mass incarceration, detention, and police shootings. We will approach the topic of violent resistance by reading historical documents, philosophical treatise, analyzing poetry, pouring over fiction, and viewing films. Thus, our approach to the America’s violent past will cut across academic disciplines in order to examine the vantage point of both those who advocated (and participated in) violent actions against the government and other citizens and, those who rejected violence on principal and/or because they did not believe the use of violence to be an effective means to attain citizenship rights. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Bi-annually
	HIST 050 - Revolutions in Europe and the Americas Revolutions have been important in the construction of the world in which we live. These sudden bouts of political, military, and social upheaval not only led to regime change, but in the period from 1688 to 1848 put an end to a world based on privilege and laid the foundations for one that was more egalitarian. Through the lens of both primary and secondary documents, this course will introduce students to the main events that made up the revolutions as well as the concepts that proponents and opponents of revolution in Europe and the Americas discussed. This course has been designed to introduce entering students to the college-level experience of informed and conceptually-grounded discussion of a major topic in human culture. The writing and speaking skills students develop here will help them meet the expectations of Clark’s liberal arts curriculum. In addition, it will introduce them to the research methodologies employed in the study of History, and provide them with a platform from which to consider their own educational goals. Anticipated Terms Offered: Bi-annually
	HIST 055 - 9/11 in Fact and Fiction In the immediate aftermath of the 9/11 attacks, students at Clark and other universities across America remarked again and again that “everything is different now.” Nine years after al-Qaeda brought down the World Trade Center, however, many Americans question whether anything at all has changed, either at home or abroad. This first-year seminar will examine this apparent contradiction by placing the events of 9/11 into historical context. Among the questions we will explore are: Were the events of 9/11 truly unprecedented in American history? Were the American public and their leaders aware of the rising tide of Islamic extremism during the 1990s? How did al-Qaeda’s assault on America affect Arabs and other Muslims living in the United States? How have civil liberties in America more generally fared in the age of the Patriot Act? How have the events of 9/11 been depicted in literature, film, and popular cultural phenomena such as interactive video games? Each student will be expected to undertake an oral history evaluating the impact of 9/11 on his or her own family and to participate in a collaborative group project examining how the events of 9/11 affected the Clark community. The class will also take a field trip to New York City to visit Ground Zero. History 055 carries an HP designation. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 069 - Introduction to Medieval History (400-1400) This course provides an introduction to the history, civilization, and culture of Western Europe during the Middle Ages (ca. 400-1400), from the “fall” of Rome to the beginning of the Renaissance. By broadly exploring political, social, cultural, and economic developments of this period, we will try to answer the question of what is medieval history and ultimately determine what makes this period unique. Special attention will be devoted to the importance of the Church in shaping “the contested norms” of medieval life, the evolution of new forms of political power, the foundations of new systems of knowledge, and the workings of social and gender hierarchies. The course will focus mainly on Western Europe, but will also consider key developments in the neighboring civilizations of Byzantium and Islam, as well as the influences these civilizations brought to bare on the medieval west. We will also consider modern appropriations of medieval history, from Hollywood to White Power movements. The course will introduce students to basic skills employed by historians including how to analyze primary sources, how to identify and critique scholarly arguments, and how to develop written arguments Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Bi-Annually
	HIST 070 - Introduction to European Histor: Part I, to 1600 Outlines developments of Western society and our collective identity. Presents historical angles–cultural, religious, political, military, economic and social–and integrates these analytical approaches into a coherent, popular narrative. The medieval period is emphasized as the root of modern history. HIST 070 and HIST 071 are parts of a whole, but either course may be taken without the other. Fulfills the historical perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 071 - Introduction to European History, Part II, Since 1600 Same goal as HIST 070 . Covers the military revolution of the 16th century, the bureaucratic and scientific revolutions of the 17th century, the 18th-century Enlightenment, and the political, industrial, intellectual and social revolutions of the 19th and 20th centuries. HIST 070 and 071 are parts of a whole, but either course may be taken without the other. Fulfills the historical perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 080 - Introduction to Modern East Asia Surveys modern historical trends in China, Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia, and India. Through political biographies, literary selections and general histories, the course compares native traditions, colonial experiences and postcolonial developments in Asia since roughly 1800. Fulfills the Historical Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP, DI Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	HIST 081 - Modern East Asia, 1600-Present This course surveys the histories of the four major cultures of East Asia (China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam) from 1600 CE to the present. Topics and themes to be covered include the cultural ties that bound these civilizations into a China-centered order in premodern times, Western intrusion in the 19th century, Japan’s emergence as an imperial power, colonialism in Korea and Vietnam, the battle for China, decolonization and nationalist independence movements in the postwar period, and interactions between East Asia and the world in the contemporary era. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year.
	HIST 085 - Introduction to African History This course will cover the history of the African continent, from antiquity to the present era. It will begin with the emergence of early African civilizations and their evolution into kingdoms and empires, focusing on their political organization, culture, and trade. It will then explore the rise of colonialism, the persistence of African societies under colonialism, and African resistance to it. The course will then turn to the emerging independence movements on the continent in the twentieth century, followed by the development of new political states. We will examine the challenges faced by post-colonial societies including the impact of colonial constructions of race. The course will emphasize the experience of African peoples as they built and transformed politically, economically, and culturally across these eras, as well as the ways in which Africans trade networks were situated in global ones. After completing the course, students will be able connect the themes covered in class to a greater understanding of global history and societies, which they can carry to all their areas of study. Course Designation/Attribute: HP and DI Anticipated Terms Offered: Bi-annually
	HIST 087 - Introduction to Ancient History: Rome and the Mediterranean, 1000 BCE-500 CE Numerous civilizations rose and fell around the Mediterranean Sea during Antiquity, ranging from the Egyptians, Bablyonians, and Hittites, to the Phoenicians, Persians, and Greeks. But one civilization surpassed them all in the size of its dominion and the scope of its influence on later cultures of the West and the world: ROME. In this course we will study the people, politics, and cultures of the ancient Mediterranean from roughly 1000 BCE to 500 CE, with a focus on the Romans from their humble beginnings as a tiny village on the River Tiber to their imperial dominance of much of Europe, the Near East, and North Africa. The coursework emphasizes the analysis and discussion of primary source documents in English translation, and not just those on the greatest statesman, emperors, and conquests of the Roman era, but also on Roman daily life, women and children, sports and medicine. At the end of the course, we will devote special attention to the perennial questions asked by all historians: Why did Rome fall? And what aspects of “Rome” persisted in the Middle Ages and down to this day Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Bi-annually
	HIST 090 - Twentieth-Century Global History This course examines events and themes in global history over the duration of the 20th century. Topics in the course will include the tension between internationalism and nationalism as seen in the rise of political ideologies like anarchism, socialism, and fascism, the process of global alignment during and after the World Wars and the Cold War, the role of social movements and the mobilization of people for societal change, the idea of the “Third World” and the challenges of decolonization and postcolonial nation building, and the meaning of “globalization.” Within these topical examinations, we consider the lived experience of history alongside the common threads that connect these experiences throughout the globe and to the challenges and opportunities facing our world today. Fulfills the Global Comparative Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: GP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year.
	HIST 107 - Special Topics in Global History Course Description: This is an introductory-level course on global history, variable in content. Each semester the course is offered, the content will be based on student interest and faculty expertise. The course is repeatable for credit as long as the course content varies; students may take a specific iteration of the course only once. SPRING 2020 TOPIC: SEC. 01 - ISLAM IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE SINCE 1857 Moving beyond Western-centered visions of Islam, this course examines various expressions of Islam and their evolution in global context since the mid-19th century. Beginning with the foundations of theology, law, imperial rule, and connectivity across regions, it turns toward the framing of an idea of the “Muslim World” after the Indian Mutiny of 1856-1857. Beginning with colonial discourses and the emergence of pan-Islamism, nationalism, and Islamic modernism, the course continues through the First World War and rise of national states. It will address the status of religion within and across these states, as well as the diversity of expressions of the faith in the century that followed. The course engages with changing understandings of law, the impact of colonialism, religious authority, social movements, secularism, and migration in the Islamicate world. As the course progresses, it focuses on specific case studies to illuminate global trends. Attention will be paid to Afghanistan, Iran, Central Asia, India, Algeria, Senegal, Egypt, and Western Europe. SPRING 2020 TOPIC: SEC. 02 - INTRODUCTION TO MODERN RUSSIAN AND SOVIET HISTORY, 1689 - 1991 This course will address the political, intellectual, cultural, and social history of Russia during the Imperial, and Soviet eras, from 1689 - 1964. Beginning with an introduction to the core institutions of early modern Russia, the autocracy and the Church, it moves into complex discussions of social and cultural trends, beginning with the reforms of Peter the Great. Rather than seeking an authoritative version of Russianness (the mythical “Russian soul”), this course will provide nuance by examining thought and writings produced not only by Russian-speaking elites, but Jewish, Muslim, and Ukrainian subjects of the Empire; it also includes traditionally marginalized voices of Russian women and serfs during the 18th and 19th centuries. Its focus embraces all regions of the former Russian Empire and Soviet Union, including areas outside of today’s Russia, with distinct national and cultural identities. Particular attention will be paid to Ukraine. The course continues with the rise of revolutionary activity, the collapse of the Romanov Dynasty, and the emergence of the Soviet Union out of the First World War. It concludes with examinations of Stalinist collectivization, totalitarianism, and the Second World War, before addressing the reforms of the Khrushchev years and causes of Soviet collapse. Anticipated Terms Offered: Each semester, as needed.
	HIST 109 - Special Topics in History This is an introductory-level variable content course. Each semester the course is offered, the content will be based on student interest and faculty expertise. SPRING 2020 TOPIC: MAKING NOISE: THE MEANINGS OF SOUND IN AMERICAN HISTORY From the colonial era to the present, Americans have used sounds to project political power, build community, inspire action, and express cultural identity; to deceive or control others, or educate and empower them. In this course, we will explore what America sounded like in different times and places, and what these sounds meant to the people who made and heard them. We will consider the political and cultural meanings of music (including sea chanties, religious singing, social movement music, advertising jingles, rock ‘n’ roll and hip-hop), spoken word (gender in political speech, languages and ethnic accents, performed poetry and comedy), and noise (the ways people have interpreted and shaped the “soundscapes” in which they live, from sounds of the natural environment like thunder and wind, to man-made sounds of industrial machinery and city traffic). Considering the aural dimensions of racial and ethnic representation will help us hear how African Americans, Latinxs, and Native Americans have been portrayed in popular culture and how they have used sound to craft their own narratives. We will analyze audio and audiovisual recordings as primary sources to understand our past, and examine the uses of sound to convey historical knowledge in secondary sources such as documentaries and podcasts. Anticipated Terms Offered: Each semester, as needed.
	HIST 110 - Early Modern Europe This course will cover the major trends in early modern European history, roughly from 1400-1800, including the Renaissance, Scientific Revolution, the decline of the position of women, and Revolution. Four hundred years and an entire continent is a lot to take on in a single semester. Consequently, while the presentation of material will roughly follow a chronological order, we will be emphasizing certain themes. These will include the rise of the state, the emergence of capitalism and European empires, confessional conflict, class relations, and the growth of “modern” thought. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 112 - African American History to 1865 This course introduces students to the most important events and issues African Americans confronted as they struggled for equality and “freedom” in the United States prior to 1865. We will analyze and discuss the black experience using a variety of sources. Topics include the Atlantic slave trade, evolution of African American communities and culture, the free black community, the distinct experience of black women, and the antebellum black protest tradition. Through the use of class discussions, lectures, and multimedia presentations, we will learn about the diverse and complex history of African Americans. Course Designation/Attribute: HP & DI Anticipated Terms Offered: yearly
	HIST 114 - African-American History, 1865-Present This course examines the history of African Americans from the Civil War to present day with special emphasis on the ways individuals and organizations challenged racial oppression. Students will examine how black Americans demonstrated a sense of agency within the context of Jim Crow segregation, employment discrimination, and disenfranchisement. Topics include Reconstruction, northern migrations, Ida B. Wells-Barnett and the Women’s Club Movement, Garveyism, Civil Rights and Black Power movements, as well as the advent of African American popular culture. Course Designation/Attribute: HP & DI Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 116 - Pre-Colonial African History This introductory course presents a brief overview of the history of Africa and its peoples–from the earliest times to the end of the nineteenth century. The class will introduce intellectual tools to students for them to intelligently explore key events in African history. In the course, there will be an examination of various aspects of African life, with an emphasis on cultural, societal and demographic themes. It explores the African past through a combination of presentations, texts (“primary” and “secondary” sources), films, arts, and music. Anticipated Terms Offered: Annually
	HIST 118 - Revolutionary Europe, 1789-1918 This course examines the history of Europe between the French Revolution in 1789 and the end of World War I in 1918 and the destruction of European monarchies and empires. It will cover all regional parts of Europe but focus on France, England, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, and Russia. Rather than following a chronological narrative, the course will explore specific topics and thus explain major political, social, economic and cultural transformations such as industrialization, urbanization, nation-building, imperialism, the eugenic movement, the rise of the working class and of socialism, the change of the gender order, and other. Each of them will cover one week, usually by providing a survey at the first weekly meeting and by discussing a related special aspect or a document at the second meeting of that week. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	HIST 120 - Writing History Introduces students to the discipline of history, with emphasis on the different types of historical writing and on the issues involved in the research and writing of historical studies. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every semester
	HIST 121 - Jewish History After 1492 The course will proceed chronologically from 1492 (the expulsion of Sephardic Jews from Spain) to the present day. As we move through the history, we will ask: how have the processes of modernity shaped the Jewish experience and, in turn, how have Jews shaped modernity? What has made a Jew a Jew across time and space? What have been the cultural, ethnic, political, religious, and social ties that have defined Jewish identity and belonging? How has internal diversity among Jews changed and mattered over the course of early modern and modern history? How have Jews’ relations with their non-Jewish neighbors shaped Jewish identity? How have the experiences of Jewish women and men differed and how has gender affected Jewish lives? How have Jews defined and envisioned Jewish “groupness”? What are the objects, ritual practices, and physical spaces that have been important in Jewish life? What are the stories that are central to Jewish identity? How have these narratives been constructed and preserved and how has their meaning changed over time? This course stresses the close analysis of primary sources (both textual and visual), and also incorporates film and literature. Course Designation/Attribute: HP, DI Anticipated Terms Offered: Annually
	HIST 122 - Jewish History in the Ancient and Medieval World Beginning in antiquity, this course will proceed chronologically until the expulsion of Sephardic Jews from Spain in 1492. We will explore the foundational history, narratives, and myths that have shaped the Jewish experience, tracing how a small agricultural tribe became an ethno-religious diaspora. We will ask: What has made a Jew a Jew across time and space? What have been the cultural, ethnic, political, religious, and social ties that have defined Jewish identity and belonging? How has internal diversity among Jews changed and mattered over the course of history? How have Jewish relations with non-Jews shaped Jewish identity? How has gender affected Jewish lives? How have Jews defined and envisioned Jewish “groupness”? What are the objects, ritual practices, and physical spaces that have been important in Jewish life? What are the stories that are central to Jewish identity? How have these narratives been constructed and preserved and how has their meaning changed over time? While investigating these broad historical questions, we will also explore elements of the Jewish textual tradition, broadly defined, including the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible), the Talmud and other rabbinic literature, Jewish mystical texts, and medieval Jewish poetry. In addition to textual sources, this course will also incorporate visual and material culture, including Jewish ritual objects, household objects, art, and clothing. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Annually
	Hist 125 - Genocides, Ethnic Cleansings, and Forced Deportations in the Twentieth Century: The Balkans and the Middle East Genocides and mass atrocities are still very relevant in eastern Europe and the Middle East. They have a tragic history, one that goes back to the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when much of the area under Ottoman, and then Turkish rule. This course will explore the major genocides and mass atrocities that took place in the Balkans and the Middle East against various ethnic and religious national communities in the twentieth century. We will begin with an examination of the period before and shortly after WWI, when state and non-state action against minorities changed the ethnic landscape, while establishing patterns and modus operandi for future such atrocities. These include, but are not limited to, the massacres and genocide against Armenian and Assyrian (1894-6 and 1915-1918), the ethnic cleansings in Balkans (1912-1914), and the Pontus Greek Genocide (1921-22). We will then turn our attention to the Republic period of Turkey, examining pogroms against Jews as well as the Dersim Genocide (1937-8). Turkey still denies the genocide against Christians, and the United States continues to support Turkey’s denialism. The course will discuss the reasons behind the policies of the United States against the background of the current developments in the Middle East. Finally, we will focus on the mass atrocities and genocide against Kurds in Iraq in 1980s/90s, and those that tore apart the Balkans in the 1990s. Course Designation/Attribute: HP, DI Anticipated Terms Offered: Bi-annually
	HIST 128 - History of Modern Israel This course surveys the history of modern Israel, from the emergence of Zionism in the late-nineteenth century to contemporary questions about peace, politics, religion, and culture in Israeli society. Examining historical writing, literature, and a range of other primary sources, we will trace the development of the Jewish national idea as a source of social criticism, as the basis for collective action and personal discipline, and as the inspiration for religious and artistic innovation. Assessing Israeli history in its local, Middle Eastern, and global contexts, we will explore the making of Israeli politics, state, and government; the role of religion in society; the impact of the Arab-Israeli conflict; gender in Israeli society; and Israeli literature, music, food, and art. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered bi-annually
	HIST 130 - Introduction to History of Genocide In this course, we will provide students with a comparative perspective that highlights both theory and concrete examples of genocide. After surveying different approaches to genocide, we will explore different cases of mass killing that took place over the course of centuries and across several continents: 1) Genocide in early history, 2) Genocide in modern time before Holocaust - Colonial Genocide, 3) Ottoman Genocide, 4) the destruction of European Jewry during the Holocaust, 5) Yugoslavia, 6) Cambodia, 7) Africa, Great Lake Region with a focus on Rwanda Darfur and Congo. Finally, we will discuss the problem of prevention of Genocide. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Periodically
	HIST 133 - Women during the Holocaust The aim of this introductory level course is to familiarize students with the history of the Holocaust by analyzing the experiences of women. Women are often viewed as the objects of history - things happen to them; they don’t make things happen. Certainly, the application of Nazi policy, derived and carried out primarily by men inside Germany and throughout occupied Europe, falls into this category. Nazi policy affected various groups of women in diverse ways. But always, women crafted their lives in response to Nazi policy: some embraced it, others rejected it outright, and many did whatever they could just to get by. In this course, students will analyze women’s agency within varying degrees of constraint and why women’s experiences are important. Students will read a variety of texts that explore the experiences of women as victims, perpetrators, rescuers and resisters. Lecture/Discussion Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Bi-annually Fall and/or Spring
	HIST 135 - History of Armenia Introduces the history of Armenia from antiquity to the modern times. Examines the formation of the Armenian state as an independent entity, the role of the major powers (eg, Byzantium, Persia), and the social and political institutions under the Armenian monarchies (eg, Bagratuni, Cilicia). Covers the history of modern Armenia from the late-18th to the 20th century, including the development of modern Armenian culture and political life in Ottoman and Russian Armenia. The course examines the emergence of the Armenian national movements, the events leading to the genocide, and the creation of the Republic of Armenia, Soviet Armenia, the re-emergence of the Republic of Armenia after the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the current issues confronting the Republic. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 145 - U.S. History through the Novel Introduces American history with a distinctive and unconventional approach, resting on the assumption that we can gain access to the past by reading fiction. Students learn how to approach imaginative literature from an historical perspective and to appreciate the historical insight of writers who were keen observers of aspects of the making of modern America. Fulfills the Historical Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 152 - Jews in Early Modern Europe and Colonial America Between ca. 1400 and ca. 1800, the rights of most European Jews were severely restricted. Their story can only be told if we take into account the actions and measures of “gentiles” vis-a-vis the Jews. Having established what these conditions were, we will direct our attention to Jewish cultural and religious practices. The course starts with late medieval Christian myths and stories about Jews, scapegoating mechanisms and outright persecution. The course will end with the extension of greater freedom to the Jews in the Age of Democratic Revolutions, which made the question of assimilation an important issue. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 153 - Europe in the Age of Extremes: the 20th Century This course serves as an introduction into the political, social and cultural history of Europe from the beginning to the end of the 20th century. The survey is concerned with World War I and World War II, and with the nature of postwar stabilization and recovery. It focuses on the rise of dictatorships and the radicalization of mass violence during the first half of the century, as well as on the developments toward democracy, peace and civil society since 1950. The course will conclude with an evaluation of the remaking of Eastern and Western Europe in the 1980s and 1990s, the return of war and genocide to Europe, and present debates on the future of Europe. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 162 - The History of the Modern Middle East 1800 -1925 The collapse of the Soviet Union, the Arab Spring and Syrian Civil War have rocked the political landscape in the world and the Middle East. Today’s nation-states and their boundaries in the region are in question and new nation-states are seeming to emerge. Contours of the region were first shaped by World War I and the Sykes-Picot Agreement of 1916 which dismantled the Ottoman Empire some hundred years ago. This is a crucial point in the history of the region - one that continues to affect it to this day. This course will explore the history of the Middle East from the decline of the Ottoman Empire (early 19^th century) until 1925. Major themes include the emergence of revolutionary nationalism among Armenians, Arabs, Kurds and Turks before and after World War I, massacres, ethnic cleansings and genocides against various people of the region; as well as the rise of Zionism and the ensuing Palestinian-Israeli conflict, and the emergence of different nation-states in the region. The parameters that were set up in the 1920’s are the origin of today’s problems. Without understanding this period, we cannot understand the Middle East of today. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically.
	HIST 165 - Nazi Germany and the Holocaust Introduces students to the rise, the fabric, and the fall of the “Third Reich.” It starts with an investigation in how the Nazis came into power and why the first German democracy failed. The course then focuses on two related issues. Both are revolving around the success and the impact of Nazi politics in Germany and in Europe: How could Hitler and the Nazi Party establish its power in a country which was seen as a heart of Western culture? And: Why did so few Germans oppose Hitler and his racially based, terrorist regime? Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 175 - Holocaust: Agency and Action This course is an introductory, gateway course to the history of the Holocaust. It aims to provide a foundation for more specialized seminars and lecture courses in this field (many of which are offered by the History Department), and is required for the concentration in Holocaust and genocide studies. The Holocaust was not a natural disaster, nor is history predetermined. Looking at a range of people, from national leaders to army generals to local religious figures to student activists, to victims, we will examine the choices they confronted and the actions they took. This course spans many centuries and covers the continent of Europe. Our primary focus, however, is the National Socialist era and the Holocaust. Course Designation/Attribute: VP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	HIST 181 - Chinese Civilization Focuses on Chinese life, institutions and culture from the earliest times through the mid-19th century. Creative literature, philosophical writings and selected primary documents supplement information presented in interpretive texts and lectures. Fulfills the Historical Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	HIST 182 - Modern China Introduces events, personalities and concepts of importance for understanding China’s history from the early-19th century to the present. Readings that present the Chinese view of events supplement interpretative studies by Western scholars. Fulfills the Historical Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP, DI Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	HIST 185 - The Russian Revolution, 1890-1938 In the twentieth century, the Russian Revolution shook the world; the reverberations of the cataclysm of 1917 continue to be felt in our own time. What were the roots of the political, cultural, social and economic crisis that brought the Russian monarchy to an end and swept the party known as the Bolsheviks into power? Who were the Bolsheviks? What did they want? How did popular conceptions of direct democracy evolve into a dictatorship and why did so many revolutionaries end up as victims of the system they created? How did the new state mobilize the conscience of so many people, including the members of different national and religious communities? Looking at the long history of 1917 from a variety of perspectives – including that of the leaders, as well as those of ordinary men and women, soldiers, peasants, intellectuals and artists – this course will examine the breathtaking events that radically transformed the fate of the world’s largest country from the end of the tsarist empire to the creation of the Soviet Union. Course assignments will include Boris Pasternak’s master-novel of the revolution, DR.ZHIVAGO(to be read over the course of the entire semester) as well as very short (1-5 pp.) weekly readings drawn from primary sources in translation. Fulfills the Historical Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered biannually
	HIST 191 - Pirates and Smugglers in the Atlantic World This course examines piracy and its cousin, privateering - - vital weapons of the latecomers in the Atlantic world. The French, English, and Dutch relentlessly targeted Iberian ships, hoping to harm the enemy and receive a share of the riches shipped from the New World. Privateering was also successfully practiced by the Barbary states of North Africa, which captured many European ships and enslaved their crews. In Atlantic waters, especially the Caribbean, the scope for both piracy and smuggling was much wider than in Europe. Even more pervasive than piracy, smuggling was initially an alternative way for the northern Europeans to get hold of American crops and precious metals. Eventually, it gave rise to a distinct way of life in vast parts of the Americas. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered biannually
	HIST 201 - Era of the American Revolution Studies the origins, character and consequences of the American Revolution, from the erosion of imperial authority in the 1760s and 1770s to the Constitutional Convention of 1787. Emphasizes relation of ideology and political ideas to social development. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	HIST 202 - The Early American Republic Studies formation and testing of the early United States from the adoption of the Constitution through the Jacksonian era. Emphasizes ideology, public policy and the problem of national integration during an age of extraordinary territorial and economic expansion. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 203 - U.S. Urban History Examines the urban experience in what is now the United States from its multiethnic colonial origins to its multiracial present. Emphasizes the relationship between the organization of space in the city and the social and political organization of the city from witch hunts to riots. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 204 - Special Topics in US History Each semester the course is offered, the content will be based on student interest and faculty expertise. The course is repeatable for credit as long as the content varies; students may take a specific iteration of the course only once. THE TITLE OF THIS SEMINAR FOR SPRING 2021 (SEC. 1) IS CONTINENTAL DIVIDE: US AND CANADIAN HISTORY IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE Despite its proximity to the United States, Americans remain generally ignorant of their neighbor Canada’s parallel, interlocking history as an emerging modern state in North America. In this proseminar students will consider the broader contours of US history in the comparative context of the Canadian experience from colonial times to the present. In addition to gaining a rudimentary grasp of Canadian history, students will have the opportunity to explore familiar American themes and developments from this fresh perspective. Drawing on the formative experiences of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, they will ponder and seek to explain how and why the national cultures and institutions on both sides of this increasingly important North American border remain similar to-and yet significantly different from-each other. Possible topics of inquiry may include: federalism and state power; Native American history and relations; individual and state violence; immigration and multiculturalism; religious experience; and national values and ideology. Course materials will include historical monographs, literary works, podcasts, and virtual field trips north of the border. THE TITLE OF THIS SEMINAR FOR SPRING 2021 (SEC. 2) IS STUDYING ABROAD: HISTORY OF TRAVELING AND KNOWING THE WORLD What kind of knowledge does travel produce? At a time when many of us feel confined, this proseminar examines the history of travel and asks how “seeing the world” has driven not only personal but historical transformation. Focusing on the travel experiences of Americans at home and abroad from the eighteenth through the twentieth century, we will consider how and why people traveled in the past. What expectations did they bring when they encountered unfamiliar places and cultures? How did these encounters confirm, challenge or complicate existing beliefs about gender, race, class, and national identity? When and for whom was travel a tool of social integration? A marker of distinction? Should we think of travel as a privilege, a right, or an obligation? As we answer these and other questions, we will also consider how the experiences and expectations of travel shaped life back at home. Readings will include scholarly works as well as travel accounts, letters and diaries; fiction; advertisements, guidebooks, and brochures. Rather than a formal research paper, students will produce a historically informed travel guide to a destination of their choosing. Depending on a student’s topic and focus, the course may be counted toward the Women’s and Gender Studies major/minor or the Urban Studies concentration. THE TITLE OF THIS SEMINAR FOR FALL 2020, SEC. 1 IS RACE AND ETHNICITY IN NINETEENTH CENTURY AMERICA. This course explores the way that race and ethnicity was “made” and “unmade” over the course of the nineteenth century and the consequences of those constructions. This seminar aims to expose you to the variety of ways that historians have approached this topic. We will read and discuss some classic works in the field as well as more recent, cutting edge literature. Our texts will include biography, group biography, social, intellectual, and cultural history. In addition to exposing you to a wide range of approaches to the history of race and ethnicity, this course aims to sharpen your analytical skills and critical thinking; to discern conflicts and connections among diverse sources; and to draw your own conclusions about the past. FALL 2020, SEC. 2, THE TITLE OF THIS SEMINAR IS U.S. HISTORY THROUGH ORAL SOURCES, 1865-PRESENT. Oral histories are an important - yet often controversial - source for studying and understanding United States history. The first large-scale oral history project was conducted during the Great Depression, when the Federal Writers Project employed writers to interview ex-slaves, immigrants and pioneers. Since then, hundreds of oral history collections have been created which document the experiences of individuals whose lives were touched or transformed by major economic, political, social and cultural events. In this seminar, students will study some of the key collections of oral histories dating from 1865 to the present, as a means of studying U.S. history from “the bottom up.” Students will experiment with oral history methods and technologies, and will contribute to a comprehensive oral history project themselves. Course Designation/Attribute: DI Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 205 - The Reformation: Violence and Reform in the Sixteenth Century By focusing on both theology and social history, this course details the main features of the Protestant and Catholic Reformations that swept across Europe in the sixteenth century. Questioning received wisdom, the doctrines of Luther, Zwingli, and Calvin provided the foundation for a new relationship between the individual believer and God in areas that became Protestant. Unintentionally, the doctrines also spawned radical social movements that threatened the status quo. The Catholic Reformation led to the acceptance of the Bible as a source of truth, the establishment of seminaries to train priests, and the confirmation of the Pope as the head of the Church. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	HIST 206 - Africans in the Americas, 1500-1888 The European enslavement of Africans in the early modern period was closely connected to the colonization of the New World. Although slavery was their condition, this course presents Africans as more than just bonded workers. The transformations of their identities, ethnicities, religions and gender roles are key to understand the lives of African-Americans. The African experience will be studied in a hemispheric framework that routinely compares structures and events throughout the Americas. The focus will be on African agency, from the African impact on the transatlantic slave trade, via the cultural practices that slaves transferred from their homelands, to African assertiveness in the New World as expressed in protest and marronage. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 207 - Exploring Public History through Old Sturbridge Village This seminar will use Old Sturbridge Village as a case-study to discover the variety of ways history museums can engage and teach the public. Students will not only gain an understanding of the museum and the time period that it seeks to recreate, but a larger conception of public history, history museums, and methods for teaching the public. A major component of the course will be hands-on work with primary source documents and objects from the museum’s collection. Every class will be held at Old Sturbridge Village, which will allow us to utilize the museum and members of its staff to further our discussions of the topics covered each week. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 209 - Marriage & the Meanings of America Often viewed as a personal decision, marriage is also a public act and institution. Marriage resides at the nexus of private life and community authority. It is simultaneously an emotional and economic arrangement tied to the production of value and the reproduction of the family. More than only a rite, marriage is a right capable of conferring other rights and societal benefits while policing the boundaries of gender, race, and citizenship. This course explores important themes in and approaches to the history of marriage in the United States from the 18th century to the present through an examination of recent scholarship and primary source material. Anticipated Terms Offered: In rotation with other advanced seminars
	HIST 210 - Research Seminar Special Topic: Colonialism in the Atlantic World Fall 2018 Topic: Colonialism in the Atlantic World - designed especially for graduate students and advanced History majors, this seminar focuses on a variety of aspects of the Atlantic world in the period from the 15th through the 19th century, including empire, disease, missions, syncretism, gender, migration, slavery, capitalism, and revolt and revolution. How have historians made sense of the numerous changes that occurred in these centuries, and which topics have led to debates? Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 211 - American Consumer Culture Investigates the nature and meaning of the consumer experience in American history. Draws upon studies of advertising, domestic life and urban institutions, and examines the varied ways in which historians have defined and interpreted the importance of consumption within American life. Introduces students to the process of primary historical research. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 212 - History of Sexuality: 1750 to the Present Covers the history of sexuality from the Enlightenment to the present focusing on Western Europe. Students will examine how different societies in different times determined what was licit and what was illicit sexual behavior. Considers the efforts of governments, religious bodies, moralists, the medical profession and interest groups to regulate, repress or indeed encourage certain behaviors and attitudes. Specific topics include marriage, prostitution, birth control, the emergence of homosexual subcultures, and sexuality as identity. Course Designation/Attribute: DI Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	HIST 213 - Gender and the American City This course considers how the experiences and spaces of nineteenth-century urban life were shaped by and, in turn, shaped gendered assumptions about men and women. How did men and women experience the city differently? What aspects of urban life defined or reinforced gender differences? Did city life create opportunities to transform gender roles? How did city dwellers use their gendered values and concerns to shape the city through reform, leisure, or work? Specific topics for discussion will include: gendered spaces in the city, the symbolic role of gender in the urban landscape, the interaction of sexual and racial identities with the city’s gendered terrain, and the place of gender in urban leisure and cultural institutions. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 214 - The American Civil War This combination lecture/large-group discussion course examines the origins, character, and meaning of the single greatest crisis in the national history of the United States, the Civil War of 1861-1865. The lectures, discussions, and readings will focus on both the long and short-term background to the outbreak of the war and ultimately on the combat and civilian experiences of Americans during four of the deadliest, most trying years in their history. The course will conclude with a brief consideration of the legacy of the Civil War for the nation, especially for the South and African-Americans, as well as for the larger Atlantic world during the ensuing decades and even centuries. Our defining premise is that no one can engage the larger themes of American history without confronting the war, the simmering and sometimes explosive legacy of which frames a great deal of front-page news in our own time, from Charlottesville, Virginia, to Washington, D.C. In so many ways the war remains at the core of American culture and politics. If we choose to ponder the big questions-what kind of nation is the United States anyway? who ARE Americans as a people?–all roads lead back to the collective mass violence of the 1860s. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	HIST 215 - The Age of Lincoln This seminar will focus on an extraordinary individual and his times. In terms of his personal character, his public vision, and his influence on American history, Abraham Lincoln deserves our closest scrutiny. Put simply, had he never lived and acted as he did, our world today would surely be quite different. As we attempt to take the measure of this man and his lasting significance, we will place appropriate emphasis on biography, and on the relationship between the private and the public in Lincoln’s life and career. Our attention will hardly be limited to this single individual, however, since any informed assessment of Lincoln must place him firmly in a number of relevant and precise historical contexts. To this extent we will also be using our focus on Lincoln as a vehicle for understanding better the distinctive shape and character-and hence the central problems and concerns–of American society, culture, and politics from approximately 1815 through the Civil War. Given Lincoln’s significance to the single greatest crisis in American national history, our ultimate focus will be on the legacy of the Founding Fathers, the crisis of the Union, and the ensuing war for American nationality. And given the timeless moral issues at stake in that national project, we will surely want to engage even larger concerns and questions. What is the relationship between private character and public leadership? Can politics and morality, especially in the context of war, be effectively conjoined? What constitutes responsible leadership in a democracy? Can Lincoln’s leadership enlighten and even inspire Americans (and others) in the twenty-first century as we confront our own challenges and crises? Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	HIST 216 - Special Topics in US History Content & topics vary by semester and instructor; May be repeated one time for credit. SPRING 2020 TOPIC: SEM: TELEVISION, SOCIAL JUSTICE, AND MODERN AMERICAN HISTORY Since the 1950s, television has been an important medium for political discourse and a powerful venue for shared cultural experiences. News programs, talk shows, and comedy-variety shows have raised awareness of injustices through different ways of informing and entertaining their audiences. Sitcoms, science fiction, and dramas, from the 1970s search for social “relevance” to HBO’s more recent serials, have sparked conversation by presenting complicated and controversial issues to broad audiences. Children’s programs like Sesame Street and Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood have tried to enact different visions for an ideal American future. In this course, we will consider ways in which television has promoted and hindered social justice through the content and aesthetics of programs, how they have presented social groups and issues, and how they reflected and affected public discourse. We will also look behind the scenes, to see how television producers, corporate sponsors, government regulators, media critics, and social activists have tried to use television as a tool to change American society. This course will have a collaborative public history component: creating an exhibit and research guide for the American Archive of Public Broadcasting. As a class, we will be among the first scholars to study some of the thousands of public television programs that WGBH and the Library of Congress have recently digitized, and we will create a publicly available resource to help researchers, educators, journalists, and activists better understand and use television for social justice. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 217 - Reconstruction: America after the Civil War, 1865-1877 Examines American history in the post-Civil War period, from 1865 to 1877, a period of national redefinition and political and social experimentation. Explores how Americans struggled with the consequences of the Civil War and emancipation. Grounds students in the historical literature of the Reconstruction era while emphasizing original student research in local sources. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 219 - History of American Women This course moves through the chronology of American history to examine the broad themes that have shaped women’s lives in the United States from the colonial period to the present. While tracing larger trends and identifying common experiences, we will also pay close attention to the specific experiences of individual women in order to shed light on the differences and divisions among them. Throughout, we will investigate the ways in which notions of gender difference have changed over time and how a wide variety of women both created and responded to shifting and contested cultural, political, and social roles. Course Designation/Attribute: HP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 220 - The Black Radical Tradition This course will explore the history of black radicalism from the founding of the nation until the end of the Civil Rights-Black Power Movement. We will read and analyze both secondary works as well as primary sources in our effort to better understand these individuals and organizations considered radical in their day. This course will pay particular attention to notions of masculinity and femininity, concepts such as black nationalism and emigrationism, and slogans like “Africa for the Africans” or “Black Power” which proved ambiguous and, to some empty. Rather than celebrate “radicalism,” and the individuals who have been popularized for taking a radical position, we will examine the consequences of positioning oneself as a radical, and taking on both those outside of a given social movement, and those within a particular social movement. Course Designation/Attribute: DI Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	HIST 222 - History of the American South Explores the history of the South from the colonial period to the present, focusing on how the South developed as a distinctive region of the United States. Examines development of slavery; impact of slavery on the economy, politics and culture of the South; race, class and gender in the Old and New South; myth and reality of the New South; the South in the 20th century. Course Designation/Attribute: DI Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 223 - The Civil Rights Movement Examines roots and evolution of the civil-rights movement from the 1930s to the present. Includes civil rights as a grassroots movement; the New Deal, World War II and civil rights; emergence of Martin Luther King; women and the civil-rights movement; black power; the disintegration of the movement; the meaning of civil rights today. Course Designation/Attribute: DI Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every other year
	HIST 224 - Russian Visual Culture Eisenstein, Malevich, Chagall. Every movie buff and every student of modern art is familiar with these Russian names and their contribution to the great twentieth-century upheaval in visual culture that transformed the way we look at images today. How did Russia–which had no tradition of painting comparable to Italy and France–come to be associated with radical innovation in painting, photography, film, book illustration, and lithography? This course examines the history of Russian visual culture against the background of Russian history. We will discuss the role that images play in Russian Orthodoxy; the impact of Western regimes of representation on the native tradition of image making; the secularization of painting in the nineteenth century and the search for authenticity in pictorial styles; the role of revolutionary politics and Bolshevik ideology in the creation of still and moving images; the connection between the avant-garde theory of world creation and totalitarian art; and, finally, the emergence of non-conformist art in late Soviet and post-Soviet Russia, and its relationship to post-modernism. Anticipated Terms Offered: NA
	HIST 226 - Comparative Colonialism Seeks to examine the ways in which Spanish, Dutch and English societies evolved in the New World from 1492 to 1824. Topics include the motives and backgrounds of settlers, encounters with natives, syncretism, the search for crops and precious metals, contacts with the mother countries, the contributions of Africans, and the revolutions that made an end to the mainland empires. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 228 - Early Modern Britain This course will cover the major political, economic, cultural, social, religious and intellectual developments in Britain from rise of the Tudor dynasty in the fifteenth century through the eighteenth century, at which time the British Empire dominated world politics. We will pay particular attention to the emergence of modern monarchy, the Protestant Reformations, the English Civil War, the Financial Revolution, and the beginnings of empire. We will examine how the four nations of England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland came to be Britain and how a British identity emerged. We will also examine the relationships between major events and shifts in English society and culture, including the changing roles of women, the increasing dominance of the middle class and its affect on elite society and culture. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 230 - The Topics in Genocide in Comparative Perspective In this course, we will review a wide range of topics that have crystallized over decades of genocide research. We will compare different topics in different examples of genocide and try to understand the similarities and differences between them. The central issues we will discuss include the following: the question of continuity and breaks in the genocidal process; the question of Great Power policies and the problem of prevention; gender and genocide, especially policies towards women and children during different genocides; resistance to genocide; the experience of concentration camps; the legal process of economic plunder and confiscation of properties during genocides; and, lastly, we will discuss the question of denialism. Each of these topics will be discussed through a comparative perspective, where we will examine how these issues have played out during different episodes of genocides around the world and what lessons we can learn through each of these experiences. For example, we will compare the Armenian case with Rwanda and discuss the policy of Western Powers in each, specifically of Germany during the Armenian Genocide and France during the Rwandan Genocide. With regards to concentration camps, we will look at Spain-Cuba, British-Boer, and German South-West experiences and compare it with the Armenian genocide and the Holocaust. When it comes to resistance to genocide, our central question will be: what is the role of certain key agents within victim groups in the genocidal process and how can we adequately address their role without regarding them as passive receivers of the perpetrators’ policies? Finally, as a last example, with regards to denialist policies, we will take a look at the views of certain key thinkers in the Left and their denialism around genocide, specifically Noam Chomsky and his viewpoints in the Serbian and Rwandan cases. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 231 - Origins of Modern America, 1877-1914 (formerly America in the Gilded Age) Focuses on a especially volatile era, encompassing Gilded Age excess and Progressive Era reforms, that gave birth to modern America. Among the many topics explored are the nation’s emergence as a world power, the rise of industrial capitalism, immigration, urbanization, Populism, popular culture, and trans-Atlantic reform movements. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 232 - Judaism and the Origins of Christianity Most people think of Christianity as having descended from Judaism. In this course, we will see that what we know as Judaism and Christianity both claimed ownership of the same textual tradition. Both developed within the same political and religious landscape of the eastern Mediterranean in the first century CE and both drew heavily on contemporary Greek philosophy and literature. Through close readings of the principal sources of Christian literature, such as Paul’s letters to the first communities of Christian believers and the Gospel accounts of the life and death of Jesus, we will examine how Christianity first came to claim the title of “New Israel” and how its controversial messianic interpretation of ancient Israelite prophecy shaped the evolution of rabbinic Judaism. Focusing on the historical context of the original Jewish-Christian rivalry, we will see how their momentous split continues to shape our own social commitments, perceptions of divine and human justice, and attitudes toward family, community and self. Anticipated Terms Offered: Bi-annually
	HIST 233 - Confucianism, Daoism, Buddhism: Intellectual History of China Explores the three major intellectual traditions of China, with special emphasis on the ethical values of each tradition and their historical and contemporary relevance. Fulfills the Values Perspective. Course Designation/Attribute: VP Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year.
	HIST 234 - History of Racism in Modern Europe The category of “race” has been used since about 1500–when Europe’s Renaissance met with the exploration of “other” human beings in different continents–to naturalize inequality among groups of people based on certain ideas of their bodies. The seminar focuses on the scientific foundation of modern racism in the Enlightenment, the origins of the cult of health and beauty at about 1900, and the globalization of western body ideals until now. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically
	HIST 235 - The Atlantic World A course that deliberately moves away from the traditional focus on nation-states and continents, concentrating instead on the Atlantic world that was created in the wake of the Portuguese explorations and Columbus’ voyages. The emphasis will be on the flow of people, commodities, germs, and ideas between the Old World (Europe and Africa) and the New. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year
	HIST 236 - Gender, War and Genocide in 20th Century Boys become real men through military service and by participation in war, by killing and dying for the fatherland, while giving birth to and raising children-motherhood–serves as central marker of womanhood. Gender stereotypes such as these were questioned but also reinforced throughout the wars of the 20th century. These wars mobilized men as well as women, and they increasingly blurred the boundaries between men and women. On all fronts and sites, however, concepts of masculinities and femininities structured propaganda and emotions, fighting morals and antiwar movement, the preparation of minds for mass violence, and its remembrance. We will discuss the impact of gender on mass violence and vice versa from World War I to World War II, from the Holocaust to the genocidal wars in former Yugoslavia, and from America’s “Good War” to Americans’ twisted coping with the Vietnam War to the rise of a ‘gender-neutral’ army. Focusing on European and American wars, the course includes comparative views on other regions of the world and puts emphasis on regional differences and peculiarities, such as transformation of a deeply gendered war culture in Europe into a peace culture after 1945. Special attention will be paid to various approaches to gender history, such as the analysis of discourses and images, or the analysis of gender practices. We will do this by critically analyzing scholarly work, written testimonies, literature, films, and propaganda materials. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered periodically.
	HIST 237 - The Holocaust Perpetrators This course explores the main parts of the German and Central European society that committed the Holocaust, that is the desktop perpetrators like Adolf Eichmann, the physicians who carried used Jews for medical experiments, the concentration-camps guards, and the killing units as the hard core of the SS elite, but also “ordinary” Germans and soldiers who served in police battalions or in the drafted army, on women who served as guards or as part of the occupational regime, and not least on non-German collaborators or volunteers. The course focuses on the interrelation of individual and biographical backgrounds, mental and ideological orientations, and social and institutional arrangements: What are the reasons that made “normal” human becoming mass murderers? Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered biannually
	HIST 238 - America, Russia, and the Cold War, 1917-1991 This course will focus on the Russian-American rivalry at the center of world politics from the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917 through the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Major topics include the escalating nuclear arms race, recurrent crises in Vietnam, Cuba and other parts of the Third World, and important personalities from Harry Truman and Josef Stalin to Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev. Anticipated Terms Offered: Offered every year.
	HIST 239 - Special Topics Course in Global History The content of this course will vary by instructor. SPRING 2019 Topic: The Making of Modern Iran, 1500 - 2009 Twentieth century Iranian history was characterized by revolutions (in 1906 and 1978), military occupation, and coups. This period demonstrated tensions between competing visions of modern Iran, forged over the preceding four centuries; the emergence of Khomeinism and Guardianship of the Jurists was never a foregone conclusion. This course will examine the history of the Iranian state and society, beginning with the emergence of a Shi’i Safavid Empire in 1501 and ending with Green Movement protests following the 2009 Presidential Election. Rejecting approaches to Iran that reduce its history to the origins of the Islamic Revolution, the course will explore the complexity of modern Iranian history, from Sufi-ruled empire to a politically fragmented monarchy to a centralizing national state. Iran has been home to diverse cultural, religious, and ideological currents. It will trace the rise of Iranian nationalism, in inclusive and exclusive forms, regional separatism, secularism, and the Islamist and left-wing opposition into and through the twentieth century. The course will seek to nuance and complicate students’ impressions of Iran by including views from Iranian women and religious and linguistic minorities. Finally, it will place this society in contexts of the Middle East, Persianate Eurasia, and global modernity. May be repeated for credit (2 times) Anticipated Terms Offered: Every other year
	HIST 240 - Love, Memory, and Violence: The Cultural Revolution The Cultural Revolution, which ended in 1976, still impacts the Chinese society and resonates with the individuals who lived through and after the Revolution. In this course, we first survey the development of the Chinese Communist Party and examine political movements in the 1930s and 1950s to identify the roots of the Cultural Revolution. We then use different thematic lenses to (re-)examine the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution in the context of propaganda strategy and mass mobilization. The course uses a variety of sources including archival documents, artifacts, ephemerals, documentaries, and memoirs. They together illustrate the transformation of everyday life in communist China and how people adapt under the increasing political mobilization. Anticipated Terms Offered: Annually
	HIST 243 - American Antiquarian Society Seminar in American Studies Given at the American Antiquarian Society (about two miles from Clark); students conduct original research in the society’s unique holdings. Students apply in the spring through Professor McCoy, History Dept. Anticipated Terms Offered: na
	HIST 244 - Jewish Masculinities This course investigates social and cultural constructions of Jewish masculinities in historical perspective. We will examine masculinity both as a capacious, highly contingent, and socially constructed concept that has varied dramatically over time and space. At the same time, we will explore masculinity as an idea that has produced systems of power that have marginalized gender identities and expressions of gender that fall beyond a narrower construction of hegemonic masculinity. We will consider how Jewish masculinities have replicated and modified these power structures within the Jewish community and how Jewish masculinity has been framed as a foil or archetypal “other” against hegemonic masculinity. We will assess how both Jewish and non-Jewish ideas about Jewish masculinity have shaped debates about nationalism, citizenship, aesthetics, sexuality, and the family, and have intersected with race, ethnicity, class, and religion. We will also question how both scholarly and societal frameworks for understanding masculinity might be challenged or transformed by studying these questions from a Jewish historical perspective. Anticipated Terms Offered: Bi-annually

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Courses

GEOG 1040 - Earth System Science

GEOG 1270 - Political Economy of Development

GEOG 1791 - Local/Global Environmental Justice

GEOG 1900 - Introduction to Geographic Information Science

GEOG 2050 - Introduction to Hydrology

GERM 101 - Introductory German I

GERM 102 - Elementary German II

GERM 103 - Intermediate German I

GERM 104 - Intermediate German II

GERM 250 - German Film and the Frankfurt School

GERM 299 - Directed Study

GES 297 - HONORS

GES 298 - Internship

HEBR 101 - Elementary Hebrew I

HEBR 102 - Elementary Hebrew II

HEBR 103 - Intermediate Hebrew I

HEBR 104 - Intermediate-Advanced Hebrew

HEBR 299 - Directed Study

HGS 298 - Internship

HGS 299 - Directed Study

HGS 397 - Doctoral Dissertation

HGS 399 - Directed Study

HIST 011 - Survey of U.S. History to 1865

HIST 012 - Survey of U.S. History Since 1865

HIST 016 - American Race and Ethnicity

HIST 037 - Nineteenth-Century America Through Women’s Eyes

HIST 039 - The American Home: Power, Place, and Gender

HIST 040 - The Witchcraze: Witch Hunts in Early Modern Europe

HIST 044 - Picking up the Gun: A History of Violence in African American Social and Political Movements

HIST 050 - Revolutions in Europe and the Americas

HIST 055 - 9/11 in Fact and Fiction

HIST 069 - Introduction to Medieval History (400-1400)

HIST 070 - Introduction to European Histor: Part I, to 1600

HIST 071 - Introduction to European History, Part II, Since 1600

HIST 080 - Introduction to Modern East Asia

HIST 081 - Modern East Asia, 1600-Present

HIST 085 - Introduction to African History

HIST 087 - Introduction to Ancient History: Rome and the Mediterranean, 1000 BCE-500 CE

HIST 090 - Twentieth-Century Global History

HIST 107 - Special Topics in Global History

HIST 109 - Special Topics in History

HIST 110 - Early Modern Europe

HIST 112 - African American History to 1865

HIST 114 - African-American History, 1865-Present

HIST 116 - Pre-Colonial African History

HIST 118 - Revolutionary Europe, 1789-1918

HIST 120 - Writing History

HIST 121 - Jewish History After 1492

HIST 122 - Jewish History in the Ancient and Medieval World

Hist 125 - Genocides, Ethnic Cleansings, and Forced Deportations in the Twentieth Century: The Balkans and the Middle East

HIST 128 - History of Modern Israel

HIST 130 - Introduction to History of Genocide

HIST 133 - Women during the Holocaust

HIST 135 - History of Armenia

HIST 145 - U.S. History through the Novel

HIST 152 - Jews in Early Modern Europe and Colonial America

HIST 153 - Europe in the Age of Extremes: the 20th Century

HIST 162 - The History of the Modern Middle East 1800 -1925

HIST 165 - Nazi Germany and the Holocaust

HIST 175 - Holocaust: Agency and Action

HIST 181 - Chinese Civilization

HIST 182 - Modern China

HIST 185 - The Russian Revolution, 1890-1938

HIST 191 - Pirates and Smugglers in the Atlantic World

HIST 201 - Era of the American Revolution

HIST 202 - The Early American Republic

HIST 203 - U.S. Urban History

HIST 204 - Special Topics in US History

HIST 205 - The Reformation: Violence and Reform in the Sixteenth Century

HIST 206 - Africans in the Americas, 1500-1888

HIST 207 - Exploring Public History through Old Sturbridge Village

HIST 209 - Marriage & the Meanings of America

HIST 210 - Research Seminar Special Topic: Colonialism in the Atlantic World

HIST 211 - American Consumer Culture

HIST 212 - History of Sexuality: 1750 to the Present

HIST 213 - Gender and the American City

HIST 214 - The American Civil War

HIST 215 - The Age of Lincoln

HIST 216 - Special Topics in US History