2024-2025 Academic Catalog
Global Environmental Studies Major
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Global Environmental Studies Overview
Undergraduate Program
Global Environmental Studies (GES) majors study the relations between society and environment. The major is structured so that students can develop a critical understanding of how economic, cultural and political processes transform, and are transformed by the earth’s environment. Completing the GES major involves taking classes that explore the relationship between society and environment from differing disciplinary perspectives. This means that although the major is administered by the School of Geography, GES majors can take classes that count towards the major in other programs, including: Visual and Performing Arts; Sustainability and Social Justice; Biology; Chemistry, Physics, Economics; Political Science; Management; Philosophy; Sociology; and Women’s and Gender Studies.
Completing the GES major requires students to take 12 courses with GES attributes. These courses are listed in the GES Program Guide. The major is structured so that students build foundational knowledge through five core courses in three major areas of GES, and then move onto develop in-depth knowledge through electives in one of three specialization areas, in addition to two skills courses. The selection of classes and identification of specialization should be undertaken in collaboration with a GES faculty advisor. Given the breadth of the GES major, it is imperative that students actively construct their major, understanding why they are taking particular classes, and identify specific learning outcomes for the major.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES OF THE MAJOR
- Build foundational knowledge in society-environment relations from different disciplinary perspectives
- Develop a specialized skill set that is applicable to particular scholarly and vocational areas
- Understand foundational and critical perspectives on society-environment relations
- Build an awareness of the ways in which peoples can actively manage and change their environments
For additional information, students should consult the GES Program Guide, available on the GES Clark web page.
The Clark Advantage
Geography majors, Global Environmental Studies (GES) majors, and Environmental Science (ES) majors concentrating in Earth System Science (ESS) have the opportunity to work on research projects with faculty members and graduate students in one of the most prestigious graduate programs of geography worldwide. Summer Fellowships are available for qualified students to participate in the Human-Environment Regional Observatory (HERO) program, an intensive summer academic-year research effort focused on environmental change in New England. Eligible majors also have the opportunity to enter the accelerated M.S. in GIScience program. Other accelerated masters programs include International Development and Social Change, Environmental Science and Policy, and Community Development and Planning.
Geography, GES, and ESS undergraduates are served by the Clark University Geography Association (CUGA) and Gamma Theta Upsilon, an international geographic honors society.
CUGA is the voice of Geography, GES, and ESS majors, with student representation on the undergraduate studies committee and the opportunity to attend departmental meetings. CUGA representatives are able to vote at department meetings and give their ideas and opinions on various topics that concern undergraduate majors. They also attend field trips and host events, such as the annual Practicing Geography Week.
Gamma Theta Upsilon is an international honor society. In order to become members, initiates must have completed a minimum of three geography courses, have maintained a minimum GPA of 3.3, and have completed at least three semesters of college course work. For more information on Gamma Theta Upsilon please see their official website.
Major Requirements
The Global Environmental Studies major provides a general introduction to the interdisciplinary field, and offers the opportunity to study a particular dimension in depth.
Students majoring in Global Environmental Studies must take a total of 12 GES-approved courses in accordance with the following guidelines, and as stated in the GES Program Guide (linked on the GES website).
- 5 Core Courses
- 4 Specialization Courses
- 2 Skills Courses
- 1 Capstone Course/Credit
Five Core Courses
Environmental problems and solutions result from the interplay of knowledge systems, economic systems, governments, international institutions, cultures, social movements and ecologies. Core courses emphasize the basic concepts of the Global Environmental Studies Major and ways of creating knowledge. Core courses help students build frameworks for understanding the world. We strongly encourage students to take the core courses early in the program, as they are often prerequisites for 200-level courses.
Majors must take a total of 5 core courses from the areas noted below. One course must be from the GES State of the Earth list and one course must be from the GES Natural Science list. The remaining three courses can be chosen from the remaining fields (more than one course can be taken in the same area).
Core Areas
The GES program’s core courses are divided into 4 types:
- State of the Earth [one course required]: What are the contemporary relations between society and environment? How do we begin to critically understand these relations?
- Natural Science [one course required]: What are the earth’s physical, chemical and biological processes that shape the landscapes of the planet?
- Politics and Economy: How does the economy impact the environment? How do different nations impact the climate? How do governments and social institutions seek to intervene and shape human-environment relations?
- Culture: How do we understand the environment? What landscapes are protected and why? How do we learn to appreciate and value the living world?
At the end of the major, students should therefore have completed 1 “State of the Earth” course, 1 “Natural Science” course, and a selection of 3 other core courses from any combination of the four types of core courses. Each year, several 000-level and 100-level core courses are identified in this guide. In certain cases, a 200-level course may be used to fulfill a core course requirement, subject to the approval of the student’s GES advisor.
State of the Earth (One course must be from this list)
Natural Science (One course must be from this list)
Two Skills Courses
Skills courses develop research, literacy, numeracy, and mapping skills for generating and interpreting knowledge of society environment relations. Students’ selection of skills courses should be made with a strong consideration of how these skills relate to their GES specialization. Students are highly encouraged to discuss this connection between the skills selection and specialization with their GES advisor.
The objective in the selection of the below skills courses should be to develop congruent knowledge in one or two of the following areas: Spatial Analysis, Visualization and Film, Quantitative Analysis, Research Design, Communication, and Qualitative Methods.
Recommendations are made for particular GES specializations in the GES Program Guide, found on the GES website.
Four Specialization Courses
Specialization courses are designed to develop a skill set within a particular set of skills relating to society-environment relations. There are three specialization areas within the GES major:
- Political Ecology
- Climate Change and Sustainability
- Land and Resource Management
Students should recognize that these specializations are not discrete, but rather they are intertwined. If certain course offerings appear relevant to their specialization area but are not listed as belonging in that area, they are encouraged to discuss with their GES advisor the prospect of incorporating such courses into their chosen specialization.
An important rationale behind the specializations within the GES major are the potential vocational and political careers that our majors might move into. Specialization classes should therefore be selected in dialogue with skills classes. In general, specialization courses should be taken after the relevant core courses have been completed.
Political Ecology
- BIOL 216 - Ecology
- EN 217 - Place-Based Ecological Knowledge
- GEOG 225 - Environmental Politics
- GEOG 248 - Social Justice and the City
- HIST 235 - The Atlantic World
- HIST 293 - African American Freedom Dreams in the 20th Century
- ID 207 - Beyond the Population Bomb: Rethinking population and the environment in an era of climate change
- ID 208 - Health (in)equity: social determinants and policy solutions
- ID 212 - Development Management in Developing Countries: Concepts, Contexts, and Problems
- ID 220 - Critical Pedagogy for Social and Environmental Justice: Liberal Arts Education in Practice
- ID 221 - Food Systems: Place, Politics and Policy
- ID 229 - Property and Community
- ID 233 - Approaches to Community Health
- ID 247 - Human Rights Strategy, Tactics, and Practice
- ID 248 - Gender and Health
- ID 257 - Sex and development: the intersection of sexuality, morality, and modernity
- ID 277 - Approaches to Global Health
- ID 291 - Refugees, Forced Migration, and Belonging
- PSCI 216 - Comparative Environmental Politics
- SOC 265 - Activism, Protest, and Social Movements
Climate Change & Sustainability
Land & Resource Management
Capstone Requirement in Global Environmental Studies
One Capstone credit is required for the GES major. At the university level, a capstone is defined as an experience - a course in the major or an independent project - through which students apply integrative learning. A capstone requires a complex individual or group project that is substantially defined and carried forward by the student and demonstrates accomplishment of Clark’s Liberal Education goals, especially a capacity to practice within an academic or professional field effectively.
To meet the Capstone requirement in the GES major, the student must earn a 200 or 300 level credit that relates to the student’s specialization. Consistent with the diversity of topics and methods in the three areas of specialization, GES students may choose from multiple paths to earning the capstone credit, subject to the approval of their capstone advisor. The student’s capstone advisor will help determine how any particular credit satisfies the capstone criteria. The advisor will make this determination based on the purpose of the capstone, which is for the student to integrate content and skills in GES, as applied to a particular topic.
Capstone Types
- A project completed in a specialization course (200/300 level)
- Directed Study with a faculty advisor (GES 299)
- Research conducted through the Human Environment Regional Observatory (HERO) program, Forest Ecology Research Lab (FERL) work, Biogeosciences Research Group, Extractive Industries Research Group, or the Polar Science Research Laboratory
- Internship (GES 298)
- Honors thesis (GES 297)
Additionally, Geography 141, strongly recommended of all majors, trains students in the fundamentals of Research Design and Methods and proposal writing, which broadly prepares students to conceptualize, design and conduct original research relevant to a capstone experience across all three specialization areas.
1. Capstone project through a specialization course (200/300 level)
A number of courses at the 200/300 level fulfill our capstone requirement across our specializations in Political Ecology, Climate Change and Sustainability, and Land and Resource Management. Several of these courses have pre-requisites within the respective specialization areas, in which students are expected to have developed relevant topical and methodological knowledge upon which they can build their capstone project.
2. Directed Study with a faculty advisor (GES 299)
An individual/independent research project conducted under the supervision of a faculty member. Student typically enroll in GES 299 during the completion of the work.
3. Research (GES 299)
Work done in collaboration with a research group or team, for instance, in which students may contribute as a research assistant. Examples of such projects and research teams include (but are not limited to): Human Environment Regional Observatory (HERO) program; Forest Ecology Research Lab (FERL); Biogeosciences Research Group; Extractive Industries Research Group; and the Polar Science Research Laboratory. Most such research opportunities have a separate, competitive application process. Students accepted into these research teams/groups will be advised on how to register for academic (and capstone) credit.
4. Internship (GES 298)
Students completing an on/off campus internship or LEEP project related to their GES major are encouraged to consider developing a capstone through that planned work. To do so, they must identify a faculty sponsor and apply to the Career Connections Center for academic credit the semester before the internship commences. The internship must directly contribute to the student’s experiential learning relevant to their chosen specialization field. Once the internship is completed, the student should submit a synopsis of their internship experience or other materials as agreed on with their faculty sponsor and the Career Connections Center .
5. Honors thesis (GES 297)
The honors program in GES provides eligible students with the opportunity to conduct a major independent research project. For further information about the honors program and eligibility criteria, please refer to the “Honors in GES” section below.
Capstone Form and process: Each student proposing a capstone needs identify a faculty advisor for the capstone. Before registration for the 200-level credit and beginning the qualifying activity, the student must complete and submit the Capstone Form under their advisor’s guidance. The student and their capstone faculty sponsor sign the form, obtain the GES program advisor’s signature, and submit the completed form to the Administrator of Degree Programs. Towards the end of the semester or upon completion of the capstone work, the form is then updated, signed by all parties and then resubmitted. It is the student’s responsibility to coordinate all processes necessary outside of the departmental requirements (i.e. internship registration, any other Clark forms needed, etc.).
All students completing capstones are strongly encouraged to present their work (e.g., as a poster or presentation) during ClarkFEST or Fall Fest.
Double Majoring
All majors must complete 12 GES courses in accordance with the plan described in the Guide to the Major. A maximum of two credits can count simultaneously towards a major in GES and a major in another program.
University rules that dictate Double majors can be found on the Academic Advising website.
Honors Program in Global Environmental Studies
The Honors Program in GES gives eligible students the opportunity to conduct a major research project. To graduate with honors, a student must complete a two-semester honors project conducted under the supervision of two faculty members: the honors supervisor, and the honors reader. At least one of these faculty members must be a member of the Geography department. Students are encouraged to develop the honors project during the spring semester of the junior year and fall semester of the senior year. The Honors Program is open to junior GES majors who have a minimum grade point average of 3.25 overall and 3.50 in major (cumulative GPA from all GES courses completed so far), and who have an intended honors supervisor who has agreed to supervise the project throughout the academic year.
For full information on the Honors Program, please view the Geography Guide to Undergraduate Honors, linked on the GES website.
Additional Components
Detailed information and resources on: Research/Internship credits, transfer credits, study abroad, departmental awards and opportunities, presentations, departmental events etc. can be found in the GES Program Guide (linked on the GES Website)
Global Environmental Studies Faculty
Program
Hamed Alemohammad, Ph.D.
Yuko Aoyama, Ph.D.
Anthony Bebbington, Ph.D.
Asha Best, Ph.D.
Mark Davidson, Ph.D.
Lyndon Estes, Ph.D.
Abby Frazier, Ph.D.
Karen Frey, Ph.D.
Dominik Kulakowski, Ph.D.
Deborah Martin, Ph.D.
James McCarthy, Ph.D.
Siobhan McGrath, Ph.D.
James T. Murphy, Ph.D.
Gustavo Oliveira, Ph.D.
Robert Gilmore Pontius Jr, Ph.D.
Max Ritts, Ph.D.
John Rogan, Ph.D.
Rinku Roy Chowdhury, Ph.D.
Florencia Sangermano, Ph.D.
Christopher Williams, Ph.D.
Adjunct
Denise Bebbington, Ph.D.
Halina Brown, Ph.D.
Sarah Buie, M.F.A.
Patrick Derr, Ph.D.
Timothy Downs, D.Env.
Jude Fernando, Ph.D.
Robert Goble, Ph.D.
Bruce London, Ph.D.
Paul W. Posner, Ph.D.
Staff
Frances Wychorski, Department Administrator and Assistant to the Director
Yaa Poku, Administrator of Degree Programs
Marjorie Miller, Office Coordinator and Asst. to the Dept. Admin.
Global Environmental Studies Courses
Courses offered within the last 2 Academic Years
- ACCT 203 - Management Accounting
- ARTS 120 - Introduction to Photography
- ARTS 121 - Intermediate Photography
- ARTS 122 - Introduction to Digital Photography
- ARTS 128 - Drawing: Sense of Place
- ARTS 162 - Exploring the Natural World: Seeding Artistic Process with Drawing and Mixed Media
- BIOL 084 - Biodiversity
- BIOL 101 - Introduction to Biology I
- BIOL 102 - Introduction to Biology II
- BIOL 105 - Evolution
- BIOL 106 - Introductory Biostatistics
- BIOL 114 - Marine Biology
- BIOL 117 - Epidemiology
- BIOL 119 - Herpetology
- BIOL 207 - Conservation Biology
- BIOL 216 - Ecology
- BLAW 262 - Business Ethics and Law
- ECON 010 - Economics and the World Economy
- ECON 128 - Intro to Economic Development
- ECON 245 - The History of Global Economy
- ECON 248 - Living on the Edge? Latin America, Asia and the Global Economy since 1600
- ECON 253 - Natural Resource Economics
- ECON 258 - The Economics and Policy of Food
- EN 101 - Environmental Science and Policy: Introductory Case Studies
- EN 120 - Discovering Environmental Science
- EN 207 - Climate Change, Energy and Development
- EN 217 - Place-Based Ecological Knowledge
- EN 228 - Food Security and Climate Change
- EN 241 - Environmental Toxicology
- EN 242 - Sustainable Development Assessment and Planning
- EN 245 - Natural Resource Management
- EN 255 - Epidemiology and Biostatistics
- EN 264 - Environmental and Social Epidemiology
- EN 277 - Sustainable Consumption and Production
- ENT 202 - Entrepreneurial Marketing and Communications
- GEOG 016 - Introduction to Economic Geography
- GEOG 017 - Environment and Society
- GEOG 020 - American Cities: Changing Spaces, Community Places
- GEOG 090 - Native Americans, Land and Natural Resources
- GEOG 102 - Weather and Climate
- GEOG 104 - Earth System Science
- GEOG 106 - Water and the City: A Socio-Hydrology of Worcester and its Environs
- GEOG 110 - Introduction to Quantitative Methods
- GEOG 116 - Forest Ecology
- GEOG 118 - Environment and Development in the Global South
- GEOG 119 - The Arctic in the Anthropocene
- GEOG 141 - Research Design and Methods in Geography
- GEOG 156 - Getting to Zero: Clean Energy for a Climate-Safe Future
- GEOG 157 - Psychogeography and Cultural Spaces
- GEOG 180 - Life in the Anthropocene: Environment and Society in an Era of Rapid Global Change
- GEOG 190 - Introduction to Geographic Information Science
- GEOG 205 - Introduction to Hydrology
- GEOG 216 - Field Methods for Environmental Science
- GEOG 225 - Environmental Politics
- GEOG 228 - Hydroclimatology
- GEOG 242 - Everyday Urban Life (Urban Ethnography Lab)
- GEOG 245 - Problems & Practices in Environmental Stewardship
- GEOG 246 - Geospatial Analysis with R
- GEOG 247 - Intermediate Quantitative Methods in Geography
- GEOG 248 - Social Justice and the City
- GEOG 252 - Urban Design Research Lab
- GEOG 258 - Utopian Visions, Urban Realities: Planning Cities for the 21st Century
- GEOG 259 - Global Change, Food and Farming Systems
- GEOG 260 - GIS & Land Change Models
- GEOG 263 - The Climate System and Global Environmental Change
- GEOG 274 - Africa’s Development in Global Context
- GEOG 279 - GIS & Map Comparison
- GEOG 282 - Advanced Remote Sensing
- GEOG 287 - New Methods in Earth Observation
- GEOG 283 - Terrestrial Ecosystems and Global Change
- GEOG 293 - Introduction to Remote Sensing
- GEOG 296 - Advanced Raster GIS
- HIST 235 - The Atlantic World
- HIST 293 - African American Freedom Dreams in the 20th Century
- ID 108 - What is Public Health?
- ID 121 - Culture, Health, and Development: What Makes Us Sick?
- ID 125 - International Development and its Alternatives: Theory, Practice, Action
- ID 207 - Beyond the Population Bomb: Rethinking population and the environment in an era of climate change
- ID 208 - Health (in)equity: social determinants and policy solutions
- ID 212 - Development Management in Developing Countries: Concepts, Contexts, and Problems
- ID 220 - Critical Pedagogy for Social and Environmental Justice: Liberal Arts Education in Practice
- ID 221 - Food Systems: Place, Politics and Policy
- ID 229 - Property and Community
- ID 233 - Approaches to Community Health
- ID 247 - Human Rights Strategy, Tactics, and Practice
- ID 248 - Gender and Health
- ID 257 - Sex and development: the intersection of sexuality, morality, and modernity
- ID 277 - Approaches to Global Health
- ID 282 - Community Based Health Research
- ID 291 - Refugees, Forced Migration, and Belonging
- ID 294 - Culture, Environment, and Development
- ID 296 - Advanced Vector GIS
- IDND 020 - Writing: Life Among Beasts
- MGMT 100 - The Art and Science of Management
- MGMT 260 - Applying the Art and Science of Management (Capstone)
- PECO 101 - Introduction to Peace Studies
- PHIL 131 - Environmental Ethics
- PHYS 243 - Technology of Renewable Energy
- PSCI 157 - U.S. Environmental Politics
- PSCI 216 - Comparative Environmental Politics
- SCRN 107 - Introduction to Digital Filmmaking
- SCRN 214 - Social and Cultural Issue Documentary Production
- SOC 205 - Sociology of the Environment
- SOC 265 - Activism, Protest, and Social Movements
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